Figure 6

Analysis of the expression and function of HOXD9 in glioma cancer stem cells. (A) Analysis of HOXD9 gene expression in SK-MG-1 SP cells, SK-MG-1 non-SP cells, and total SK-MG-1 glioma cells. The abundance of HOXD9 mRNA was normalized to that of GAPDH mRNA and expressed relative to the normalized value for SK-MG-1 cells. For the graphs, the data are complied from three independent experiments. Error bar indicates mean ± S.D. (B) Gene knockdown of HOXD9 in SK-MG-1 SP cells attenuated cell proliferation. Cell viability was determined 2 days after siRNA treatment. The experiment was repeated twice, with similar results. *, P < 0.05. Error bars indicate ± S.D. (C) Expression of the HOXD9 and SOX2 genes was examined by qRT-PCR in normal human astrocytes (NHA), human NSPCs, and GCSCs cultured from glioma surgical biopsy specimens. The abundance of HOXD9 and SOX2 mRNA was normalized to that of GAPDH and expressed relative to the normalized value for NHA. Data shown are the mean ± S.D. from two independent experiments.