Skip to main content
Figure 5 | Molecular Cancer

Figure 5

From: Tylophorine, a phenanthraindolizidine alkaloid isolated from Tylophora indica exerts antiangiogenic and antitumor activity by targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2–mediated angiogenesis

Figure 5

Effect of tylophorine on secretion of VEGF-induced cytokines. (A) IL-6, (B) IL-8, (C) TNF-α (D) IFN-γ (E) MMP-2 and (F) NO. Serum-starved HUVECs were preincubated with DMSO (0.1%) or tylophorine (20μM), before stimulation with VEGF (10 ng/mL), and supernatants were harvested after 24 h for cytokine assays. IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IFN-γ and MMP-2 were measured by sandwich ELISA following the manufacturer’s instructions (R and D systems, USA). Absorbance was determined using a microplate reader (Biorad, USA) at 450 nm. The NO levels in the HUVECs were measured with Nitric oxide colorimetric assay kit (Biovision, USA) following the manufacturer’s instructions. Absorbance was determined using a microplate reader (Biorad, USA) at 540 nm. Data were presented as means ± SEM, n = 3. ##p < 0.01 VEGF-treated group versus no VEGF-treated group; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001 versus VEGF-stimulated group.

Back to article page

Molecular Cancer

ISSN: 1476-4598