Figure 2

β-Alanine alters glycolytic related gene expression in breast epithelial cells. (A) Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) RNA induction by qRT-PCR of MCF-7 and MCF-10a cells following treatment with either media control or 100 mM β-Alanine for 24 hours. (B) LDH protein expression following treatment as described above (representative blots displayed in E). (C) Carnosine synthase (CS) protein expression following treatment as described above (representative blots displayed in E). (D) GLUT1 RNA induction (left) and GLUT1 protein expression quantified via confocal microscopy (center) or flow cytometry (right). Microscopy was quantified using 3 images and 7 representative cells/treatment. (E) Representative immunoblots and confocal microscopy images of MCF-7 cells (left) and MCF-10a cells (right) following treatment as described above (Blue = DAPI, Red = GLUT1, Green Size Bar = 50 μm). Images were taken using 63 × magnification with oil emersion. NOTES: *indicates P < 0.05, **indicates P < 0.01, ***indicates P < 0.001 compared with control.