Figure 6

Effect of retinoic acid on secretion of TGF-β2 (active and total) by human pancreatic cancer cells measured by ELISA. Treatment with retinoic acid, stimulated secretion of active (top panels) and total (bottom panels) TGF-β2, from Capan-2 (left panels) and Hs766T cells (right panels), in a time and concentration-dependent manner Two-way ANOVA: Capan-2, active TGF-β2: Concentration effect F(3,16) = 36.4, P < 0.0001; Time effect F(3,16) = 356, P < 0.0001; Interaction F(9,16) = 4.47, P < 0.005; Capan-2, total TGF-β2: Concentration effect F(3,16) = 396; Time effect F(3,16) = 37.9; Interaction F(9,16) = 78.3, all P < 0.0001; Hs766T, active TGF-β2: Concentration effect F(2,17) = 155; Time effect F(3,17) = 27.4; Interaction F(6,17) = 27.8, all P < 0.0001. Hs766T, total TGF-β2: Concentration effect F(2,18) = 378, P < 0.0001; Time effect F(3,18) = 6.99, P = 0.0026; Interaction F(6,18) = 7.8, P = 0.0003. TGF-β2 concentrations are expressed as fmol/ml. Bars represent means ± SEM.