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Table 1 Molecular signatures and defense profiles of glioblastoma stem cells (GSC) resistant to 500μM TMZa

From: Bone morphogenetic protein 7 sensitizes O6-methylguanine methyltransferase expressing-glioblastoma stem cells to clinically relevant dose of temozolomide

Gene

Fold change

P value

Functional involvement

MB2: metastasis related protein

9.48

0.037251

human lung cancer cell metastasis-related gene

GRP: gastrin-releasing peptide

3.03

0.012739

activates stress responses; blocks ER stress-mediated apoptosis; angiogenesis

NNMT: nicotinamide N-methyltransferase

3.02

0.016864

biotransformation of xenobiotics, detoxification, drug resistance, DNA repair

RUNDC3B: RUN domain containing 3B

2.63

0.022848

tumor invasion, tumorigenic capacity, malignant transformation

PPP1R14C: protein phosphatase 1, regulatory (inhibitor) subunit 14C

2.45

0.038521

tumor suppressor, upregulates early growth response 1 and PTEN gene expression

FAM46A: family with sequence similarity 46, member A

2.35

0.026347

retinal signaling pathways

SYTL2: synaptotagmin-like 2

2.07

0.006201

vesicle trafficking

EGR1: early growth response 1

2.00

0.012287

impaired insulin/Akt signaling, reduced glucose uptake, autophagy, Sirt1 expression

ZNF652: zinc finger protein 652

1.88

0.024023

a transcriptional repressor, tumor suppressor

MAP4: microtubule-associated protein 4

1.85

0.007016

stabilizes mitochondria, microtubule network, and cell viability

APOLD1: apolipoprotein L domain containing 1

1.85

0.006038

angiogenesis, blood-brain permeability

ANKRD10: ankyrin repeat domain 10

1.85

0.011112

unknown

C5orf32: chromosome 5 open reading frame 32

1.79

0.005850

stress tolerance

SLFN5: Schlafen family member 5

1.74

0.025479

growth-inhibitory responses, tumor suppressor

MCAM: melanoma cell adhesion molecule

1.73

0.004659

cell adhesion, EMT

MST150: MSTP150

1.72

0.010533

induced by nerve growth factor

NR2F1: Nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group F, member 1

1.68

0.003457

tumor dormancy, cell motility, and invasiveness

PRRG4: Proline rich Gla (G-carboxyglutamic acid) 4 (transmembrane)

1.65

0.009662

downregulates ERK 1/2 signaling, cell cycle control

RRAS: related RAS viral (r-ras) oncogene homolog

1.62

0.022906

maintains endothelial barrier function, cell migration

CDKN1A: cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21, Cip1)

1.60

0.018892

cell cycle regulator, cellular quiescence, tumor suppressor

FAM114A1: family with sequence similarity 114, member A1

1.59

0.026679

neuronal cell development

INPP4B: inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase, type II, 105kDa

1.57

0.004296

phospholipid metabolism, tumor suppressor, inhibits PI3K/Akt signaling

FN1: fibronectin 1

1.56

0.037537

EMT, cell adhesion and migration, angiogenesis

C6orf57: chromosome 6 open reading frame 57

1.54

0.036557

mitochondrial function

VDAC1: voltage-dependent anion channel 1

1.52

0.005105

respiratory electron transport

PSAT1: phosphoserine aminotransferase 1

1.52

0.029482

serine synthesis pathway; amino acid/phospholipid/nucleotide synthesis

ZEB1: zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1

1.51

0.038506

transcriptional repression of interleukin 2

MALAT1: metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1

1.51

0.021777

EMT, migration, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis

FAT3: FAT tumor suppressor homolog 3 (Drosophila)

1.51

0.014515

controls neuronal morphology

MFSD2: major facilitator superfamily domain containing 2

−1.53

0.006302

plays a role during fasting and adaptive thermogenesis

NUP160: nucleoporin 160kDa NUP98: nucleoporin 98kDa

−1.55

0.049580

promotes mitotic spindle assembly, contributes to proper kinetochore functions

NUP98: nucleoporin 98kDa

−1.59

0.032310

a nuclear pore complex component; a transcription factor

DPP6: dipeptidyl-peptidase 6

−1.06

0.013619

interaction with extracellular matrix

FJX1: four jointed box 1 (Drosophila)

−1.62

0.004725

growth and differentiation

NRP2: neuropilin 2

−1.63

0.041599

cardiovascular development, axon guidance, and tumorigenesis

BMP7: bone morphogenetic protein 7 (osteogenic protein 1)

−1.98

0.002699

cartilage and bone formation; differentiation and proliferation

  1. ER endoplasmic reticulum; EMT epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
  2. aProbe set signals on the expression array that were ≥ 1.5-fold different in GSC-500 μM TMZ (n=3 patients, 6 samples) when compared to GSC-parental (n = 3 patients, duplicate samples) by a pairwise t-test (P < 0.05), were selected. Samples were permutated 100 times by dChip, and 36 annotated genes with median FDR = 4 % were obtained