Fig. 6
Sequential administration of Ad-OSM and NDV-OSM improves survival of tumor-bearing hamsters and stimulates immune response against cancer cells. a Schematic representation of the experimental setting. Tumor-bearing hamsters were divided into 4 groups (n = 6) that received the following treatments: Four local administrations of Ad-OSM (2.5 × 108 iu/hamster) or NDV-OSM (1 × 109 iu/hamster) at days 0, 3, 10 and 13 (Ad/Ad-OSM and NDV/NDV-OSM groups, respectively); or Ad-OSM (2.5 × 108 iu/hamster) at days 0 and 3, followed by NDV-OSM (1 × 109 iu/hamster) at days 10 and 13 (Ad/NDV-OSM group). b NAbs against Ad (top panel) or NDV (lower panel) were quantified in serum of hamsters at days 11 and 24. Ad/Ad-OSM, NDV/NDV-OSM and Ad/NDV-OSM groups are represented as black, grey and striped bars, respectively. c Progression of tumors in the different groups. Each line represents an individual hamster. d Percentage of surviving animals in each group. e Long-term survivors were sacrificed at day 70 and spleens were collected. Splenocytes were expanded for 5 days in the presence of irradiated HaP-T1 cells and IL-2, and then exposed for 8 h with fresh HaP-T1 cells. Expression of IFNγ and FasL was determined by qRT-PCR and compared with splenocytes from a group of untreated tumor-bearing hamsters sacrificed 40 days after cell implantation (saline), or healthy, naïve hamsters. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01