Table 1 Summary of clinical trials utilizing IL-2 in anti-cancer immunotherapy
From: Tumor-related interleukins: old validated targets for new anti-cancer drug development
Treatment | Cancer type | Overall response rate | Side effects | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
IL-2 monotherapy | Metastatic Melanoma, Renal cell carcinoma | 6.6% complete response 19% | Expected IL-2 related side effects | [46] |
IL-2 plus IFN-α2b | Metastatic Renal Cancer | 9.9% | Expected IL-2 related side effects | [187] |
IL-2 plus IFN-α2b plus chemotherapy | Metastatic Melanoma | 19.5% | Chemotherapy related toxicity, some of IL-2 related side effects | [188] |
IL-2 plus Ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4 antibody) | Stage IV Melanoma | 22% | Expected IL-2 related side effects, Ipilimumab related autoimmune toxicities | [47] |
IL-2 plus gp100 vaccine | Stage III Melanoma | 16% | Some IL-2 related toxicity | [189] |
IL-2 plus IL-2 expanded TILs | Melanoma | 48.4% | Expected IL-2 related side effects | [190] |
IL-2 plus LAK cells Darleukin (L19IL2) Daromun (L19IL2 + L19TNF) | Melanoma Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) Colorectal cancer, non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma, Stage IIIB/C melanoma Stage IIIB/C and IVM1a melanoma | 21% 35% No observed response No observed response 53.9%, 25% complete remission 55%, 5% complete remission | Expected IL-2 related side effects Limited IL-2 related side effects Limited IL-2 related side effects | [192] [193] |