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Table 1 Biological Characteristics of Some of the Receptor Tyrosine Kinases Reported in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

From: Expression, regulation and targeting of receptor tyrosine kinases in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Name of the receptor (HGNC Official Name) Gene Symbol Gene Locus Ligand Structural Feature of the Class Primary Localization Alternate Localization Function
Domain Motif
Epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR 7p11.2 EGF Three FU, one REC, one TM, and one TYK domain One SP Plasma Membrane Endosome, Clathrin-coated vesicle, Cytoplasm Stimulate proliferation of different cell types
Insulin like growth factor I receptor IGF1R 15q26.3 IGF1/IGF2 One FU, one TM, one TYK, two REC, three FN3, and one TM domain One SP Plasma membrane   Regulation of cell growth and survival
MET proto-oncogene MET 7q31 HGF One TYK domain, One PSI, One SEMA, four IPT domains One SP Plasma Membrane Cytoplasm In biological processes like cellular proliferation, motility, migration, & invasion
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor FMS related tyrosine kinase 1 FLT1 13q12.3 VEGF Five Ig_LIKE domains, two IGC2 domains, one TM domain, and one TYK domain One SP Plasma Membrane Extracellular Transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity cell communication, signal transduction, and stimulate angiogenesis
Kinase insert domain receptor KDR 4q12 VEGF Cytoplasmic
Platelet derived growth factor receptor PDGFRA 4q12 PDGF Three Ig LIKE, one IGC2, one TM, and one TYK domain One SP Plasma membrane Extracellular Growth, differentiation and cell death controls
PDGFRB 5q32
ALK ALK 2p23.2-p23.1 Heparin (an activating ligand) One TM, one TYK domain, one LDLA, & one MAM One SP, two NPXY Plasma membrane Cell surface Embryonic brain development, Important role in the genesis and differentiation of the nervous system
Protein tyrosine kinase 7 PTK7 6p21.1 No known ligand (Context-dependent signaling switch for the Wnt pathways Wnt) Five IGC2, two Ig LIKE, a TM, & a TYK domain One SP Plasma Membrane Cytoplasmic expression Cell adhesion, migration, polarity, proliferation, actin cytoskeletal reorganization and apoptosis
  1. FU Furin-like repeats, REC cheY-homologous receiver domain, TM Tramsmembrane domain, SP Signal peptide motif, NPXY Asn-Pro-X-Tyr, TYK Tyrosine kinase domain, LDLA LDL receptors, the class A, KRINGLE Kringle Domain, FZ Frizzled domain
  2. Note: primary and secondary localization of the receptor tyrosine kinases are either based on the information annotated in the Human Protein reference Database (HPRD, http: hprd.org) or the human protein atlas (HPA, https://www.proteinatlas.org)
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