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Fig. 5 | Molecular Cancer

Fig. 5

From: AR–PDEF pathway promotes tumour proliferation and upregulates MYC-mediated gene transcription by promoting MAD1 degradation in ER-negative breast cancer

Fig. 5

Upregulation of MAD1 expression suppresses PDEF-mediated growth of ER-negative BC cell lines. a PDEF, MAD1 and MYC protein levels in PDEF-overexpressing, simultaneous PDEF- and MAD1-expressing and control SKBR-3 cell clones were determined by performing western blotting. b Transwell assay was performed to detect the migration of the above three SKBR-3 cell clones. (Transwell assay: original magnification, × 200); **P < 0.05. c Colony-forming assay was performed to determine the clone-initiating ability of the above three SKBR-3 cell clones; **P < 0.05. d Results of the flow cytometry analysis showed that MAD1 overexpression inhibited PDEF overexpression-induced increase in the number of S-phase SKBR-3 cells; **P < 0.05. e Images of tumours removed from the nude mice subcutaneously injected with control SKBR-3 cells (control), stable PDEF-overexpressing SKBR-3 cell clones (PDEF) and stable simultaneous PDEF- and MAD1-overexpressing SKBR-3 cell clones (PDEF/MAD1). f Representative tumour growth curves for the three groups. Data are presented as mean ± SD; **P < 0.05. g H&E staining of tumours removed from the mice in the three groups; magnification, × 400. IHC staining of Ki67 and MYC in tumour samples obtained from the mice in the three groups (Ki67 and MYC) (magnification, × 400). Representative images of H&E staining of metastatic nodules in the lung tissues of nude mice (lungs) (magnification, × 200). h and i Statistics of the percentage of Ki67- and MYC-positive cells in the three groups; **P < 0.05

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