Table 3 Different categories of drugs used in preclinical and clinical studies in ATC
From: Therapeutic advances in anaplastic thyroid cancer: a current perspective
Chemotherapeutic agents | |
|---|---|
 Topoisomerase inhibitor | Doxorubicin, Etoposide |
 Microtubule assembly | Paclitaxel, Vinorelbine, Docetaxel |
 DNA crosslinking agents | Cisplatin, Carboplatin, Cyclophosphamide, Neoplatin |
 Nucleoside Analog | Gemcitabine, 5- fluorouracil |
Targeted inhibitors/antibodies | |
 ALK1 | GSK461364A |
 Akt | MK-2206 2HCL, Perifosine, GSK690693, GDC-0068, AT7867 |
 Aurora Kinases | MK-0457 (VX-680), SNS-314 mesylate, ZM447439, AZD1152 and MLN8054 |
 Bcl2 | Obatoclax |
 CDK | BP14 |
 EGFR | Cetuximab (C225), Manumycin A, Geldanamycin, Gefitinib (ZD1839) |
 HSP90 | Tanespimycin (17-N-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin, NVP-A0Y922, SNX5422 |
 I-κB | Ciglitazone (upregulates TrailR1, −R2) |
 PARP | Olaparib |
 PD-1 receptor | Pembrolizumab, PDR001 |
 PDL-1 | Durvalumab, Atezolizumab, FAZ053 |
 CTLA4 | Tramelimumab |
 TGF-β | LY2157299, SB 525334, LY2109761, Perfenidone, GW788388 |
 SMO (Wnt signaling pathway) | LDE225, LY2940680, PF-5274857, SANT-1 |
 γ-secretase | RO4929097, LY-411575 |
Anti-angiogenic agents | |
 Vascular disrupting agent | Combretastatin A4 phosphate (CA4P), Fosbretabulin |
 VEGF | Bevacizumab, AZD2171, Cediranib |
Multi-Kinase inhibitors | |
 VEGF 1, 2 and 3, PDGFR and c-KIT | Axitinib (AG-013736), Pazopanib |
 VEGFR1, 2 and 3, EGFR and RET kinases | Vandetanib |
 VEGFR-1, PDGFR, RET, FLT-3 and CSF-1R | Sunitinib |
 VEGFR2, EGFR and RET | CLM94 |
 BCR-ABL, PDGFR and c-kit | Imatinib |
 VEGFR 1, 2, PDGFRβ, RET, BRAF and c-Kit | Sorafenib (Bay43–9006, Nexavar) |
 VEGFR-1, −2 and − 3, PDGFRβ, RET, FGFR −1, − 2, −3, −4 and c-KIT | Lenvatinib (E7080) |
 VEGFR 2, RET, MET, kit | Cabozantinib |
 VEGFR −1, − 2, −3, RET, kit, PDGFR | Motesanib |
 VEGFR − 1, −3, PDGFR, FGFR1–3 | Ninetedanib |
 RET, PDGFR, FGFR, FLT3, kit | Ponatinib |
 MET, ALK, ROS1 | Crizotinib |
Epigenetic modifiers | |
 HDAC inhibitors | Valproic acid, Thailandepsin A (TDP-A), Trichostatin A (TSA), Suberoyl Amide Hydroxamic Acid (SAHA), N-hydroxy-7-(2-naphthylthio)heptanomide (HNHA) |
 BET inhibitors | JQ1, I-BET762 |
Miscellaneous | |
 HDACs, EGFR (dual inhibitor) | CUDC-101 |
 Proteosome inhibitors | Carfilzomib, Bortezomib (PS-341) |
 PPARγ agonists | Rosiglitazone, RS5444, Pioglitazone, Troglitazone |