Fig. 1

Epithelial mesenchymal transition as a common mechanism underlying anticancer drug resistance a Top 10 most up-regulated pathways in the resistance group across chemotherapeutic (left panel) and targeted drugs (right panel) are summarized as the number of drugs by which the corresponding pathway is significantly regulated. Significantly enriched pathways per a drug were selected through hypergeometric tests (FDR < 0.05) using the hallmark gene sets from MsigDB. b Clustering of A549 and TD cells together with other lung cancer cell lines from the resistant (red) and sensitive (green) groups for doxorubicin by Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) based on known EMT-genes c Programed cell death was examined by Annexin V/7AAD staining after DMSO, etoposide (ETO: 80 μM) and Camptothecin (CPT: 1 μM) 48 h treatment. d Sub G1 population was measure by FACS at 48 h after IR. The quantified sub G1 population was presented as bar graph (right) e and f Immunoblotting for apoptosis marker such as cleaved caspase 3 and 9 (C.Caspase3 and 9) after doxorubicin (Doxo) treatment at indicative days (e) or concentration (f), β-actin and E-cadherin used for an equal loading control and epithelial marker