Compounds and Agents | Category | Mechanisms of Necroptosis Induction | Cancer Type | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Shikonin | naphthoquinone | ROS production; RIPK1/RIPK3 necrosome formation | leukemia; osteosarcoma; pancreatic cancer; glioma | |
Staurosporine | alkaloid | RIPK1/MLKL dependent | leukemia | |
Neoalbaconol | albatrellus confluens extract | autocrine secretion of TNFα; remodeling cellular energy metabolism | nasopharyngeal carcinoma | |
Resibufogenin | bufadienolide | upregulating RIPK3 and MLKL protein | colorectal cancer | [110] |
Radiotherapy | radiation | inhibition of caspase-8 activation | thyroid cancer; adrenocortical cancer; colorectal cancer cells; glioblastoma | [111] |
5-FU | chemotherapeutic agent | TNF-α production; RIPK1 activation | colorectal cancer | [114] |
B12536 | polo-like kinase inhibitor | leading to mitotic catastrophe | prostate cancer | [115] |
Compound C | AMP-activated protein kinase inhibitor | Calpain/Cathepsin-mediated | glioma | [116] |
Sorafenib | multikinase inhibitor | ROS production; RIPK1 activation | multiple myeloma; Hodgkin’s lymphoma | [117] |
Aurora Kinase A Inhibitor | Aurora Kinase Inhibitor | facilitating necrosome activation | pancreatic cancer | [120] |
TRAIL | death receptor ligand | TNFR1 signaling; RIPK1/RIPK3 dependent;ROS production | colon cancer; liver cancer; pancreatic cancer | |
CD95L | death receptor ligand | CD95 signalling; regulation of cIAPs | pancreatic cancer | [123] |
Oncolytic viruses | virus | exposure of immunogenic molecules | glioma; ovarian cancer | [124] |
Hemagglutinating virus | virus | calcium-calmodulin kinase II dependent | neuroblastoma | [127] |
Silver nanoparticles | metal nanoparticle | RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL dependent | pancreatic cancer | [128] |
Selenium nanoparticles | metal nanoparticle | RIPK1 dependent | prostate cancer | [131] |
Smac mimetics | IAP antagonist | ROS production; cIAP inhibition; TNFα dependent | leukemia; pancreatic cancer | [132] |
MG132 and bortezomib | proteasome inhibitors | RHIM-dependent | leukemia | [135] |
Obatoclax | Bcl-2 inhibitor | Atg5-dependent necrosome assembly on autophagosomes | rhabdomyosarcoma; ALL | [136] |
PolyI:C | viral dsRNA analog | RIPK3 dependent; TLR3/TLR4 activation | cervical cancer; colon cancer | [92] |
ZZW-115 | NUPR1 inhibitors | inducing mitochondrial metabolism rupture | pancreatic cancer | [137] |