Fig. 2
From: Role of hypoxia in cancer therapy by regulating the tumor microenvironment
Diagram of the modification effect of HIF-1 on mitochondrial activity. HIF-1 is beneficial for glycolysis and lactic acid production by activating pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-1 (PDK1) and hindering the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH). In addition, HIF-1 targets PDK1, directly inhibiting pyruvate from entering the TCA cycle through the inactivation of PDH. HIF-1 also can induce mitochondrial autophagy and inhibit mitochondrial biogenesis, thus avoiding cell death and ultimately leading to HIF-1-mediated drug resistance