Table 1 SPOP plays a role in several types of human malignancies by targeting its downstream substrates

BC

N/A

Mutation, reduced expression

c-Myc, SRC-3, PR

Suppression of tumorigenesis

[25,26,27]

CC

N/A

Increased expression, deletion mutant

None

Suppression of CC tumorigenesis

[28]

CRC

N/A

Mutation, reduced expression

Gli2, HDAC6

Inhibition of proliferation and migration, promotion of apoptosis and inhibition of tumorigenesis

[29,30,31]

EC

Conditional knockout SPOP–/–; infertility phenotype with reduction in PRs in the uterus

Mutation, reduced expression

BRD2, BRD3, BRD4, ERα

Inhibition of growth, suppression of EC tumorigenesis, enhanced sensitivity to BET inhibitors

[32,33,34,35,36]

GC

N/A

Decreased expression

Gli2

Inhibition of proliferation, migration and GC tumorigenesis

[37]

Glioma

N/A

SNPs, reduced expression

None

Suppression of glioma tumorigenesis

[38, 39]

HCC

Subcutaneous tumor model (SPOP-overexpression; tumor suppressive role)

Mutation, decreased expression

SENP7

Inhibition of migration and invasion, and HCC tumorigenesis

[40,41,42]

KC

Injection with transfected HEK293 cells (SPOP-cyto, tumorigenesis)

Overexpression

Daxx, DUSP7, Gli2, PTEN

Inhibition of cell apoptosis, promotion of cell proliferation and ccRCC tumorigenesis.

[43,44,45,46]

LC

N/A

Decreased expression

FADD, SIRT2

Inhibition of growth, suppression of LC tumorigenesis

[47, 48]

OC

N/A

Deletion mutant

None

Suppression of OC tumorigenesis

[49, 50]

OS

N/A

Decreased expression

None

Suppression of OS tumorigenesis

[51]

PrCa

Transgenic (expressing SPOP mutants); conditional knockout SPOP−/−); systemic knockout (embryonic lethal)

Mutation, decreased expression.

AR, ATF2, BRD4, cdc20, c-Myc, cyclin E1, DEK, EgIN2, ERG, PD-L1, SENP7, SRC-3, TRIM24.

Inhibition of PrCa development and progression

[52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76]

TC

N/A

Mutation

None

Suppression of TC tumorigenesis

[77,78,79]