Natural killer cells in cancer biology and therapy

Table 2 Infiltration of NK cells in different cancer types and its influence on clinical outcome

Cancer type	Sample	Detection method	Marker	Clinical outcome	Ref.
Pancreatic cancer	Blood	Flow cytometry	CD3⁻CD16⁺CD56⁺	Adverse OS	[112]
Colorectal cancer	Tumor	IHC	CD57⁺	Favorable OF and DFS	[113]
	Lymph node	IHC	CD56⁺	Favorable RFS	[114]
	Blood	Flow cytometry	CD3⁻CD16⁺CD56⁺	Favorable OS	[115]
Chronic myeloid leukemia	Blood	Flow cytometry	CD3⁻CD16⁺CD56^dim	Favorable molecular RFS after imatinib discontinuation	[116]
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia	Blood	Flow cytometry	CD3⁻CD16⁺ and/or CD56⁺	Favorable OS	[117]
Follicular lymphoma	Blood	Flow cytometry	CD3⁻CD56⁺ and/or CD16⁺	Favorable OS	[118]
Mantle cell lymphoma	Blood	Flow cytometry	CD3⁻CD16⁺ and/or CD56⁺	Adverse OS and PFS	[119]
Liver cancer	Tumor	IF	CD56⁺PD1⁺	Adverse survival	[120]
	Tumor	IHC	NKG2A⁺	Adverse OS and DFS	[46]
	Tumor	Flow cytometry	CD3⁻CD56⁺CD49a⁺	Adverse OS and DFS	[121]
	Tumor	Flow cytometry	CD3⁻CD56⁺CD96⁺	Adverse DFS	[56]
Prostate cancer	Blood	Flow cytometry	CD3⁻CD56⁺ NKp30⁺ or NKp46⁺	Favorable OS	[122]
Lung cancer	Blood	Flow cytometry	CD56^dimCD16⁺NKp46⁺	Favorable OS	[123]
	Blood	qRT-PCR	NKp30	Adverse OS and PFS	[124]
	Tumor	IF	CD56⁺ and/or CD16⁺	Favorable OS	[125]
Breast cancer	Tumor	IHC	CD3⁻CD56⁺	Favorable DFS	[126]
Breast cancer	Tumor	IHC	CD56⁺	Adverse OS	[127]
Gastric cancer	Tumor	IHC	NKG2D⁺	Favorable OS	[128]
Bladder cancer	Tumor	Flow cytometry	CD45⁺CD14⁻CD19⁻CD3⁻ILT3⁻cKIT⁻CD56^bright	Favorable OS and CSS	[129]

Abbreviations: IHC immunohistochemistry, IF immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction, OS overall survival, RFS recurrence-free survival, PFS progression-free survival, DFS disease-free survival, CSS cancer-specific survival

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