Fig. 5

Cross-regulation of immunometabolic signaling pathways in T cell. Under hypoxia conditions, HIF-1α signaling activates anabolism-associated programs, such as glycolysis and fatty acid synthesis; however, these mechanisms require additional investigation in primary T cells. AMPK directly inhibits HIF-1α. During activation and/or replete nutrient conditions, PI3K-AKT and Ras signaling promotes glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation. PI3K-Akt can reportedly inhibit the AMPK, but this regulation is not yet reported to occur in T cells