Table 1 The role of cargos in CAFs-derived exosomes on regulating the cancer cells
From: Cancer associated-fibroblast-derived exosomes in cancer progression
Cancer type | Molecule in exosomes | Expression | Mechanism | Impact on cancer cells | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bladder cancer | miR-148b-3p | Up-regulated | Target PTEN and activate Wnt/β-catenin pathway | Promote tumor proliferation, metastasis and drug resistance | [128] |
Breast cancer | miR-181d-5p | Up-regulated | Target CDX2 and downregulate CDX2 and HOXA5 | Enhance the aggressiveness of breast cancer | [129] |
| Â | SNHG3 (lncRNA) | Up-regulated | Target miR-330-5p and increase the PKM expression | Increase glycolysis metabolism | [130] |
| Â | miR-21, miR-378e, miR-143 | Up-regulated | Not mentioned | Induce of the stemness and EMT phenotype of breast cancer | [131] |
| Â | ADAM10 | Up-regulated | Activate RhoA and Notch signaling | Promote cells motility and tumor progression | [132] |
| Â | miR-500a-5p | Up-regulated | Target USP28 and downregulate USP28 | Promoted the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells | [133] |
| Â | miR-22 | Up-regulated | Target ESR1 and PTEN, and downregulate ESR1 and PTEN. | Promote tamoxifen resistance | [134] |
| Â | circHIF1A | Up-regulated | Increase the expression of CD44 by targeting and downregulating miR-580-5p | Promote breast cancer cells proliferation and stemness in hypoxic stress | [135] |
(Triple-negative breast cancer) | miR-4516 | Down-regulated | Target FOS like antigen 1 (FOSL1) | Promote the development of TNBC | [136] |
Colorectal cancer | H19 (lncRNA) | Up-regulated | Activate the β-catenin pathway | Promote the stemness of cancer stem cells | [137] |
| Â | LINC00659 | Up-regulated | Target miR-342-3p and downregulate miR-342-3 | Promote cancer cells proliferation, invasion, migration and EMT progression | [138] |
| Â | miR-590-3p | Up-regulated | Target CLCA4 and downregulate CLCA4 | Promote radiotherapeutic resistance | [139] |
| Â | circSLC7A6 | Up-regulated | Increase the expression of C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 5 (CXCR5) | Promote cancer cells proliferation and metastasis | [140] |
| Â | circEIF3K | Up-regulated | Increase the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) by targeting and downregulating miR-214 | Promote hypoxia-induced CRC progression | [141] |
Endometrial cancer | miR-148b | Down-regulated | Target DNMT1 and downregulate DNMT1 | Promote cancer cells metastasis by inducing EMT | [142] |
|  | miR-320a | Down-regulated | Target HIF1α and downregulate HIF1α | Promote cancer cells proliferation | [143] |
Esophageal cancer | miR-33, miR-326 | Up-regulated | Not mentioned | Promote CAF phenotype and tumor progression | [144] |
| Â | SHH | Up-regulated | Activate SHH signaling pathway | Improve the growth and migration abilities | [145] |
Gastric cancer | miR-522 | Up-regulated (Conditional) | Target arachidonate lipoxygenase 15 (ALOX15) and downregulate ALOX15 | Inhibit ferroptosis in cancer cells | [146] |
| Â | circ_0088300 | Up-regulated | Enhance janus kinase 1/ signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (JAK1/STAT1) signaling pathway by targeting miR-1305 and downregulating miR-1305 | Promote cancer cells proliferation, migration and invasion | [147] |
Head and neck cancer | miR-3188 | Down-regulated | Target BCL2 apoptosis regulator (BCL2) and downregulate BCL2 | Promote cancer cells growth | [148] |
Hepatocellular carcinoma | miR-320a | Down-regulated | Target PBX homeobox 3 (PBX3) and downregulate PBX3 | Promote cancer cells proliferation and metastasis | [149] |
Lung cancer | SNAI1 | Up-regulated | Not mentioned | Promote EMT in cancer cells | [150] |
Oral squamous cell carcinoma | miR-34a-5p | Down-regulated | Target AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL) and downregulate AXL | Promote cancer cells proliferation and metastasis | [151] |
| Â | miR-382-5p | Up-regulated | Not mentioned | Promote cancer cells migration and invasion | [152] |
| Â | miR-21-5p | Up-regulated | Enhance PI3K/mTOR/STAT3 Signaling | Promote normal gingival fibroblasts (NGFs) to CAFs | [153] |
Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma | MFAP5 | Up-regulated | Activate MAPK and AKT pathways | Activate cancer cells growth and migration | [154] |
Osteosarcoma | miR-1228 | Up-regulated | Target suppressor of cancer cell invasion (SCAI) and downregulate SCAI | Promote osteosarcoma invasion and migration | [155] |
Ovarian cancer | miR-98-5p | Up-regulated | Target cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A) and downregulate CDKN1A | Promote cisplatin resistance | [156] |
|  | TGF-β | Up-regulated | Activate the SMAD signaling pathway | Promote migration and invasion ability of cancer cells and EMT | [157] |
Prostate cancer | miR-423-5p | Up-regulated | Target GREM2 and downregulate GREM2 | Promote chemotherapy resistance | [158] |