Table 3 Representing the exosomal miRNAs in biological fluids as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in prostate cancer
From: Liquid biopsy: Exosomal microRNAs as novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cancer
Exosomal miRNA | Sample Type | Role | Mechanism of action | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
miR-423-3p | Plasma | Prognostic | Early detection/prediction of castration-resistance. | Guo et al. (2021) [57] |
miR-532-5p | Urine | Prognostic | important predictive factor for BCR of intermediate-risk of prostate cancer | Kim et al. (2021) [58] |
miR-425-5p | plasma | Prognostic | enrichment of genes related to bone development | Rode et al. (2021) [59] |
miR-16-5p, miR-451a, miR-142-3p, miR-21-5p and miR-636 | Urine | Prognostic | for predicting metastasis | Shin et al. (2021) [60] |
miR-125a-5p and miR-141-5p | Plasma | Diagnostic | Tumor suppressor | Li et al. (2020) [61] |
miR-375 and miR-451a | Urine | Diagnostic | predicting the progression of PCa. | Li et al. (2021) [62] |
miR-143 | Prostate cancerous tissue | Therapeutic target | inhibited the expression ofPC3 cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumor growth | Che et al. (2019) [63] |
miRNA-92a-1-5p | Serum | Therapeutic target | PCa bone metastasis. | Yu et al. (2021) [64] |
miR-423-5p | Cancerous cells | Therapeutic target | promotes chemotherapy resistance in prostate cancer by targeting GREM2 through the TGF-β signaling pathway | Shan et al. (2020) [66] |