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Table 3 Clinical utility of ctDNA as liquid biopsy for predicting and monitoring response to treatment

From: Potential clinical utility of liquid biopsies in ovarian cancer

Author, Year

Tumour Classification

Sample Size

Laboratory Methodology

Detected Abnormality

Treatment Protocol

Clinical Application

Ref

Gifford et. al, 2004

Stage Ic-IV EOC

138

Microsatellite PCR

hMLH1 methylation

Paclitaxel/docetaxel + carboplatin

Response monitoring

[215]

Swisher et al., 2005

Stage I-IV EOC

137

DNA sequencing

p53 mutation

Taxane + platinum agent

Response monitoring

[58]

Capizzi et al., 2008

Stage III-IV EOC

22

RT-PCR

Serum level

Carboplatin + paclitaxel or carboplatin only

Response monitoring

[216]

Kamat et al., 2010

Stage I-IV EOC

164

RT-PCR

Beta-globin

Platinum agent

Response monitoring

[217]

Wimberger et al., 2011

Stage Ib-IV EOC

62

Fluorescence

Fluorimetry

Carboplatin + paclitaxel

Response monitoring

[218]

Forshew et al., 2012

HGSOC

38

TAm-Seq, dPCR

TP53, PTEN, BRAF, KRAS, EGFR, PIK3CA mutations

Carboplatin + paclitaxel or epirubicin + cisplatin + capecitabine

Response monitoring

[162]

Murtaza et al., 2013

Stage III-IV

3

NGS, qPCR

RB1, ZEB2, BUB1, CES4A, MTOR, PARP8 mutations

Cisplatin, paclitaxel or carboplatin + paclitaxel

Response monitoring

[168]

Choudhuri et al., 2014

Stage IIIb/c

100

RT-PCR

Serum level

Carboplatin + paclitaxel

Response monitoring

[219]

Martignetti et al., 2014

Stage IIIc Serous Papillary

1

RT-PCR

FGFR2 fusion transcript

Carboplatin + paclitaxel (total 5 lines of treatment)

Response monitoring

[220]

Pereira et al., 2015

Stage I-IV Serous

22

WES, ddPCR, TGS

TP53, PTEN, PIK3CA, MET, KRAS, FBXW7, BRAF mutations

Platinum + taxane agent

Response monitoring

[163]

Piskorz et al., 2016

HGSOC

18

NGS

TP53 mutation

Platinum agent

Response monitoring

[91]

Parkinson et al., 2016

Relapsed HGSOC

40

Digital PCR

TP53 mutation

Heterogeneous standard of care treatment

Response monitoring

[164]

Flanagan et al., 2017

Relapsed Stage I-IV Serous

247

NGS

Methylation at CpG sites

Platinum agent

Response monitoring

[221]

Widschwendter et al., 2017

Stage I-IV HGSOC or Clear Cell

151

TUC-BS & RRBS

COL23A1, C2CD4D and WNT6 candidate markers

Carboplatin + paclitaxel or carboplatin only

Response monitoring

[161]

Ratajska et al., 2017

Stage I-IV

121

NGS

BRCA1/2 mutations

PARPi

Predict eligibility for PARPi

[222]

Christie et al., 2017

Stage I-IV HGSOC

30

NGS

BRCA reversion mutation

Platinum-based agent and/or PARPi

Predict treatment response

[213]

Weigelt et al., 2017

Stage III-IV

19

NGS

BRCA reversion mutation

Platinum-based agent ± taxane agent

Response monitoring

[214]

Giannopoulou et al., 2018

Stage I-IV HGSOC

50

RT-MSP

ESR1

Carboplatin + paclitaxel

Response monitoring

[153]

Du et al., 2018

Recurrent Stage II-III Serous

21

NGS

TP53, BRCA1, NOTCH2, DNMT3A mutations and CNVs

Platinum-based agent

Response monitoring

[165]

Morikawa et al., 2018

Stage I-IV Clear Cell

29

ddPCR

KRAS, PIK3CA

Carboplatin + paclitaxel ± docetaxel/carboplatin/gemcitabine/bevacizumab/CPT-11/irinotecan

Response monitoring

[223]

Arend et al., 2018

Stage III-IV HGSOC

14

NGS

50 gene Ion Torrent panel

Platinum + taxane agent

Response monitoring

[188]

Lin et al., 2019

High Grade Serous and Endometriod

97

NGS

BRCA reversion mutation, TP53

PARPi (rucaparib)

Predict primary and acquired resistance

[212]

Kim et al., 2018

Stage II-IV HGSOC

102

Sanger sequencing/Digital PCR

TP53 mutation

Carboplatin + paclitaxel

Response monitoring

[189]

Oikkonen et al., 2019

HGSOC

12

NGS

ERBB2 amplification

Platinum + taxane agent ± trastuzumab

Response monitoring

[224]

Iwahashi et al., 2019

Stage I-IV HGSOC, Mucinous, Endometrioid

4

CAPP-seq

TP53, APC, BRCA1 and KRAS mutations

Carboplatin + paclitaxel

Response monitoring

[225]

Noguchi et al., 2020

Stage III-IV HGSOC

10

CAPP-seq

gene mutation profiles, blood tumor mutation burden

Carboplatin + paclitaxel ± bevacizumab

Response monitoring

[226]

Han et al., 2020

Stage III-IV EOC

10

NGS

88 genes panel (Axen Cancer Panel 1)

Standard chemotherapy

Response monitoring

[227]

Alves et al. 2020

Stage I-IV Serous, Clear Cell, Mucinous

11

qPCR

Level

Carboplatin + paclitaxel, gemcitabine, doxorubicin + bevacizumab or rucaparib (PARPi)

Response monitoring

[228]