Table 3 Potential molecules that regulate exosome biogenesis in cancer

GW4869

nSMase2

nSMase2-ceremide pathway

Breast cancer, prostate cancer, melanoma, glioma, and myeloma

[68, 69, 204, 205]

SyntOFF

Syntenin

Syndecan-Syntenin-Alix

Breast cancer

[206]

Halopemide

PLD2

Syndecan-Syntenin-Alix

Prostate cancer

[207]

CAY10594

PLD2

Syndecan-Syntenin-Alix

Breast cancer

[71, 208]

Dendrogenin A

LXRβ

Rab27a, LBPA

Melanoma, breast cancer

[209]

Sulfasalazine

System Xc⁻

Glutamate-GRM3-Rab27a

Multiple myeloma

[183]

CPPG

GRM3

Rab27a and Alix

Multiple myeloma

[183]

LY341495

GRM3

Rab27a

Breast cancer

[12]

BHMPS

Rab27a

Rab27a- Slp4

Breast cancer

[109]

R491

Vimentin

-

Lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, glioma, HCC

[210]

Sulfisoxazole

Endothelin receptor A

Multiple process

Breast cancer

[211]

Macitentan

Endothelin receptor A

Multiple process

Breast, colon and long cancer

[212]

A740003 and AZ10606120

P2X7R

-

Melanoma

[213]

Manumycin A

Farnesyltransferase

Ras/Raf/ERK1/2 signaling

prostate cancer

[152]

Tipifarnib

Farnesyltransferase

Ras/Raf/ERK1/2 signaling

Rhabdomyosarcoma, prostate cancer

[214]

SCH772984

ERK1/2

Ras/Raf/ERK signaling

Melanoma

[180]

U0126

MEK1/2

Ras/Raf/ERK signaling

Prostate cancer

[214]

Asteltoxin

Mitochondrial ATP synthase

AMPK/mTOR

HeLa, colon and prostate cancer

[190]

Pantoprazole

V-ATPase

Extracellular pH

Liver cancer

[166]

LDN-57444

DUB

-

OSCC, NP

[215]

PD173074, BGJ-398

FGFR1

FGF2/FGFR1 signaling

Leukemia

[194]