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Table 3 Anti-tumor ecological therapy in HNSCC

From: The tumor ecosystem in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and advances in ecotherapy

Target

Drugs

Phase

Patient enrolled

Trial ID

Inhibit tumor angiogenesis

EGFR

BIBW 2992

Phase 2

Metastatic (stage IVc) or recurrent HNC

NCT00514943

VEGFR-1, -2 and -3

Axitinib

Phase 2

Unresectable R/M HNSCC

NCT02762513

EGFR, HER2 and HER4

Poziotinib (HM781-36B)

Phase 2

R/M HNSCC after failure of or unfit for platinum-containing therapy

NCT02216916

-

Endostatins

Phase 3

R/M HNSCC not suitable for operation or radiotherapy

NCT02630264

EGFR

Panitumumab

Phase 2

R/M HNC incurable by surgery or radiotherapy

NCT00446446

EGFR

Zalutumumab

Phase 2

HNSCC incurable with standard therapy

NCT00542308

EGFR

Lapatinib

Phase 2

R/M HNC

NCT00114283

VEGFR

Cediranib

Phase 2

Recurrent or newly diagnosed metastatic HNC

NCT00458978

Disrupt metabolic homeostasis

 

Metformin

Early Phase 1

Stage II-IVB HNSCC

NCT02402348

Anti-tumor immunity

PD-1

Cemiplimab-Rwlc

Phase 2

HNSCC after completion of chemotherapy and radiation treatment

NCT04831450

PD-1/PD-L1

Durvalumab

Phase 1

Non-metastatic, suitable for surgical resection, and stage II-IVB oral cavity, stage III-IVB larynx and hypopharynx, or stage III-IVB HPV/p16 negative intermediate-high risk oropharynx HNC

NCT03635164

PD-1

Pembrolizumab

Phase 2

R/M HNSCC

NCT03813836

PD-L1

Atezolizumab

Phase 2

Resectable HNSCC

NCT04939480

PD-L1/ TGF-β

Bintrafusp alfa

Phase 2

Operable and untreated HNSCC

NCT04428047

PD-L1/ CD47

PF-07257876

Phase 1

Advanced or metastatic HNSCC, non-small cell lung cancer, and ovarian cancer

NCT04881045

CD47

Evorpacept in combination with pembrolizumab, cisplatin/carboplatin and 5-FU

Phase 2

Advanced HNSCC

NCT04675333

CD47

Evorpacept in combination with pembrolizumab

Phase 2

Advanced HNSCC

NCT04675294

IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, GM-CSF, INFγ, TNF-α

IRX-2

Phase 2

Untreated and resectable HNSCC

NCT00210470

  1. EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; HER2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; HNC, head and neck cancer; HNSCC, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; IL, Interleukin; INFγ, interferon γ; PD-1, programmed cell death protein-1; PD-L1, programmed death-ligand 1; R/M, recurrent or metastatic; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-beta; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; VEGFR, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor