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  1. The zebrafish has become an important model for cancer research. Several cancer models have been established by transgenic expression of human or mouse oncogenes in zebrafish. Since it is amenable to efficient...

    Authors: Bensheng Ju, Jan Spitsbergen, Christopher J Eden, Michael R Taylor and Wenbiao Chen
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:40
    Content type: Short communication Published on:

  2. Manipulating apoptotic resistance represents an important strategy for the treatment of hormone refractory prostate cancer. We hypothesised that the Inhibitor of Apoptosis (IAP) Proteins may be mediating this ...

    Authors: Catherine Gill, Catherine Dowling, Amanda J O'Neill and R William G Watson
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:39
    Content type: Research Published on:

  3. Tuberous sclerosis (TSC) is a hamartoma syndrome in which renal and lung tumors cause the greatest morbidity. Loss of either TSC1 or TSC2 in TSC hamartomas leads to activation of mTORC1 and suppression of AKT....

    Authors: Kristen Pollizzi, Izabela Malinowska-Kolodziej, Michael Stumm, Heidi Lane and David Kwiatkowski
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:38
    Content type: Research Published on:

  4. Pancreatic cancer (PaCa) is a fatal human cancer due to its exceptional resistance to all current anticancer therapies. The cytoprotective enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is significantly overexpressed in PaCa ...

    Authors: Philipp Nuhn, Beat M Künzli, René Hennig, Tomas Mitkus, Tadas Ramanauskas, Rainer Nobiling, Stefan C Meuer, Helmut Friess and Pascal O Berberat
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:37
    Content type: Research Published on:

  5. The HMGA2 gene encodes a protein that alters chromatin structure. Deregulation, typically through chromosomal rearrangements, of HMGA2 has an important role in the development of several mesenchymal neoplasms. Th...

    Authors: Hammurabi Bartuma, Ioannis Panagopoulos, Anna Collin, Domenico Trombetta, Henryk A Domanski, Nils Mandahl and Fredrik Mertens
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:36
    Content type: Research Published on:

  6. Dysregulated Notch signalling is believed to play an important role in the development and maintenance of T cell leukaemia. At a cellular level, Notch signalling promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis o...

    Authors: Nicholas Chadwick, Leo Zeef, Virginia Portillo, Carl Fennessy, Fiona Warrander, Sarah Hoyle and Anne-Marie Buckle
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:35
    Content type: Research Published on:

  7. Wee1 is a tyrosine kinase regulating S-G2 cell cycle transition through the inactivating phosphorylation of CDC2. The inhibition of Wee1 kinase by a selective small molecule inhibitor significantly enhances th...

    Authors: Shinji Mizuarai, Kazunori Yamanaka, Hiraku Itadani, Tsuyoshi Arai, Toshihide Nishibata, Hiroshi Hirai and Hidehito Kotani
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:34
    Content type: Research Published on:

  8. Studies in mammary cancer demonstrated that moderately high concentrations of molecular iodine (I2) have a antiproliferative and apoptotic effect either in vivo as in vitro, however the cellular intermediated inv...

    Authors: Carmen Aceves, Pablo García-Solís, Omar Arroyo-Helguera, Laura Vega-Riveroll, Guadalupe Delgado and Brenda Anguiano
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:33
    Content type: Research Published on:

  9. The Warburg effect has been found in a wide spectrum of human cancers, however the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. This study aims to explore the role of cellular oxidative stress in relation to glyco...

    Authors: Dong-yun Shi, Fei-zhou Xie, Chao Zhai, Jeremy S Stern, Yang Liu and Shan-lin Liu
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:32
    Content type: Research Published on:

  10. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is histopathologically heterogeneous with clear cell and papillary the most common subtypes. The most frequent molecular abnormality in clear cell RCC is VHL inactivation but promoter m...

    Authors: Fiona E McRonald, Mark R Morris, Dean Gentle, Laura Winchester, Dilair Baban, Jiannis Ragoussis, Noel W Clarke, Michael D Brown, Takeshi Kishida, Masahiro Yao, Farida Latif and Eamonn R Maher
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:31
    Content type: Research Published on:

  11. Cancer cells secrete bioactive peptides that act in an autocrine or paracrine fashion affecting tumor growth and metastasis. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), a hypothalamic neuropeptide that controls the ...

    Authors: Ariadne Androulidaki, Erini Dermitzaki, Maria Venihaki, Effie Karagianni, Olga Rassouli, Erini Andreakou, Christos Stournaras, Andrew N Margioris and Christos Tsatsanis
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:30
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. This study aimed to investigate squamous cellular carcinoma antigen (SCCA) in serum and in tumoral and paired peritumoral tissues. We studied 27 patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) and 55 with HCC: 20 with a si...

    Authors: Paolo Trerotoli, Emilia Fransvea, Umberto Angelotti, Giovanni Antonaci, Luigi Lupo, Antonio Mazzocca, Anita Mangia, Salvatore Antonaci and Gianluigi Giannelli
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:29
    Content type: Research Published on:

  13. High expression of P-glycoprotein is one of the well-known mechanisms of chemoresistance in chondrosarcomas. However, the role of antiapoptotic proteins, a common mechanism responsible for chemoresistance in o...

    Authors: Dae Won Kim, Kyung-Ok Kim, Mike J Shin, Jung Hee Ha, Sung Wook Seo, Jay Yang and Francis Y Lee
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:28
    Content type: Research Published on:

  14. Retinoids have been studied extensively for their potential as therapeutic and chemopreventive agents for a variety of cancers, including nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC). Despite their use for many years, the m...

    Authors: Satish B Cheepala, Weihong Yin, Zanobia Syed, Jennifer N Gill, Alaina McMillian, Heather E Kleiner, Mark Lynch, Rasiah Loganantharaj, Marjan Trutschl, Urska Cvek and John L Clifford
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:27
    Content type: Research Published on:

  15. Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of mortality from gynecological malignancies, often undetectable in early stages. The difficulty of detecting the disease in its early stages and the propensity of ovarian c...

    Authors: Sanjeev Kumar, Christopher S Bryant, Sreedhar Chamala, Aamer Qazi, Shelly Seward, Jagannath Pal, Christopher P Steffes, Donald W Weaver, Robert Morris, John M Malone, Masood A Shammas, Madhu Prasad and Ramesh B Batchu
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:26
    Content type: Research Published on:

  16. A variety of arginine-rich peptide sequences similar to those found in viral proteins have been conjugated to other molecules to facilitate their transport into the cytoplasm and nucleus of targeted cells. The...

    Authors: Rod Balhorn, Saphon Hok, Sally DeNardo, Arutselvan Natarajan, Gary Mirick, Michele Corzett and Gerald DeNardo
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:25
    Content type: Research Published on:

  17. DNA repair deficient tumor cells have been shown to accumulate high levels of DNA damage. Consequently, these cells become hyper-dependent on DNA damage response pathways, including the CHK1-kinase-mediated re...

    Authors: Clark C Chen, Richard D Kennedy, Samuel Sidi, A Thomas Look and Alan D'Andrea
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:24
    Content type: Research Published on:

  18. The low molecular weight compound, PRIMA-1MET restores the transcriptional transactivation function of certain p53 mutants in tumor cells. We have previously shown that PRIMA-1MET induces nucleolar translocation ...

    Authors: György Stuber, Emilie Flaberg, Gabor Petranyi, Rita Ötvös, Nina Rökaeus, Elena Kashuba, Klas G Wiman, George Klein and Laszlo Szekely
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:23
    Content type: Research Published on:

  19. Helicobacter pylori is a crucial determining factor in the pathogenesis of benign and neoplastic gastric diseases. Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) is the inducible key enzyme of arachidonic acid metabolism and is a cent...

    Authors: Anna K Walduck, Matthias Weber, Christian Wunder, Stefan Juettner, Manfred Stolte, Michael Vieth, Bertram Wiedenmann, Thomas F Meyer, Michael Naumann and Michael Hoecker
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:22
    Content type: Research Published on:

  22. δ-Catenin is a unique member of β-catenin/armadillo domain superfamily proteins and its primary expression is restricted to the brain. However, δ-catenin is upregulated in human prostatic adenocarcinomas, alth...

    Authors: Yan Zeng, Agustin Abdallah, Jian-Ping Lu, Tao Wang, Yan-Hua Chen, David M Terrian, Kwonseop Kim and Qun Lu
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:19
    Content type: Research Published on:

  23. EBV lytic cycle activators, such as phorbol esters, anti-immunoglobulin, transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), sodium butyrate, induce apoptosis in EBV-negative but not in EBV-positive Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) c...

    Authors: Giulia Matusali, Giuseppe Arena, Alessandra De Leo, Livia Di Renzo and Elena Mattia
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:18
    Content type: Research Published on:

  24. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs (about 21 to 24 nucleotides in length) that effectively reduce the translation of their target mRNAs. Several studies have shown miRNAs to be differentially express...

    Authors: Amara C Siva, Luke J Nelson, Chad L Fleischer, Mehrdad Majlessi, Michael M Becker, Robert L Vessella and Mark A Reynolds
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:17
    Content type: Research Published on:

  25. Metastatic melanoma has a high mortality rate and suboptimal therapeutic options. Molecular targeting may be beneficial using the rexinoid LGD1069, a retinoid × receptor selective agonist, and thiazolidinedion...

    Authors: Joshua P Klopper, Vibha Sharma, Andrew Berenz, William R Hays, Michele Loi, Umarani Pugazhenthi, Sherif Said and Bryan R Haugen
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:16
    Content type: Research Published on:

  26. Scaffold Attachment Factor B1 (SAFB1) is a multifunctional protein which has been implicated in breast cancer previously. We recently generated SAFB1 knockout mice (SAFB1-/-), but pleiotropic phenotypes including...

    Authors: Benny Abraham Kaipparettu, Klaudia M Dobrzycka, Ora Britton, Adrian V Lee, Alan J Herron, Yi Li, Michael T Lewis, Daniel Medina and Steffi Oesterreich
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:15
    Content type: Research Published on:

  27. The prevalence in human cancers of mutations in p53 exemplifies its crucial role as a tumor suppressor transcription factor. Previous studies have shown that the constitutively active serine/threonine kinase g...

    Authors: Tae-Yeon Eom and Richard S Jope
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:14
    Content type: Short communication Published on:

  29. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and components of its signalling pathway have been identified in human prostate carcinoma and increased levels of their expression appear to correlate with disease progression and metastas...

    Authors: Samantha M Zunich, Taneka Douglas, Maria Valdovinos, Tiffany Chang, Wade Bushman, David Walterhouse, Philip Iannaccone and Marilyn LG Lamm
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:12
    Content type: Research Published on:

  30. In addition to its essential role in ribonucleotide reduction, ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) small subunit, RRM2, has been known to play a critical role in determining tumor malignancy. Overexpression of RRM2...

    Authors: Keqiang Zhang, Shuya Hu, Jun Wu, Linling Chen, Jianming Lu, Xiaochen Wang, Xiyong Liu, Bingsen Zhou and Yun Yen
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:11
    Content type: Research Published on:

  33. In eukaryotic cells, control mechanisms have developed that restrain cell-cycle transitions in response to stress. These regulatory pathways are termed cell-cycle checkpoints. The G2/M checkpoint prevents cells f...

    Authors: Yingmei Wang, Ping Ji, Jinsong Liu, Russell R Broaddus, Fengxia Xue and Wei Zhang
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:8
    Content type: Review Published on:

  34. We recently have shown that Charged multivesicular protein/Chromatin modifying protein1A (Chmp1A) functions as a tumor suppressor in human pancreatic tumor cells. Pancreatic cancer has the worst prognosis of a...

    Authors: Jing Li, Brandon Orr, Kayla White, Natalia Belogortseva, Richard Niles, Goran Boskovic, Hanh Nguyen, Ava Dykes and Maiyon Park
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:7
    Content type: Research Published on:

  35. Brain and nervous system tumours are the most common solid cancers in children. Molecular characterisation of these tumours is important for providing novel biomarkers of disease and identifying molecular path...

    Authors: Martin Wilson, Nigel P Davies, Marie-Anne Brundler, Carmel McConville, Richard G Grundy and Andrew C Peet
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:6
    Content type: Research Published on:

  36. The ability to detect neoplasia-specific fusion genes is important not only in cancer research, but also increasingly in clinical settings to ensure that correct diagnosis is made and the optimal treatment is ...

    Authors: Rolf I Skotheim, Gard OS Thomassen, Marthe Eken, Guro E Lind, Francesca Micci, Franclim R Ribeiro, Nuno Cerveira, Manuel R Teixeira, Sverre Heim, Torbjørn Rognes and Ragnhild A Lothe
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:5
    Content type: Research Published on:

  37. CDKN2A/p16 INK4a is frequently altered in human cancers and it is the most important melanoma susceptibility gene identified to date. p16INK4a inhibits pRb phosphorylation an...

    Authors: Therese M Becker, Sebastian Haferkamp, Menno K Dijkstra, Lyndee L Scurr, Monika Frausto, Eve Diefenbach, Richard A Scolyer, David N Reisman, Graham J Mann, Richard F Kefford and Helen Rizos
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:4
    Content type: Research Published on:

  38. Cellular immortalization is a crucial step during the development of human cancer. Primary mammalian cells reach replicative exhaustion after several passages in vitro, a process called replicative senescence. Du...

    Authors: Matilde E LLeonart, Ana Artero-Castro and Hiroshi Kondoh
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:3
    Content type: Review Published on:

  39. Bioluminescent imaging (BLI) is based on the detection of light emitted by living cells expressing a luciferase gene. Stable transfection of luciferase in cancer cells and their inoculation into permissive ani...

    Authors: Maider Zabala, Pilar Alzuguren, Carolina Benavides, Julien Crettaz, Gloria Gonzalez-Aseguinolaza, Carlos Ortiz de Solorzano, Manuela Gonzalez-Aparicio, Maria Gabriela Kramer, Jesus Prieto and Ruben Hernandez-Alcoceba
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:2
    Content type: Research Published on:

  40. Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase-2 (HIPK2), a transcriptional co-repressor with apoptotic function, can affect hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) transcriptional activity, through downmodulation of its H...

    Authors: Lavinia Nardinocchi, Rosa Puca, Ada Sacchi and Gabriella D'Orazi
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2009 8:1
    Content type: Research Published on:

  41. Multiple epigenetic and genetic changes have been reported in colorectal tumors, but few of these have clinical impact. This study aims to pinpoint epigenetic markers that can discriminate between non-malignan...

    Authors: Terje Ahlquist, Guro E Lind, Vera L Costa, Gunn I Meling, Morten Vatn, Geir S Hoff, Torleiv O Rognum, Rolf I Skotheim, Espen Thiis-Evensen and Ragnhild A Lothe
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2008 7:94
    Content type: Research Published on:

  42. LIM-only 4 (LMO4), a member of the LIM-only (LMO) subfamily of LIM domain-containing transcription factors, was initially reported to have an oncogenic role in breast cancer. We hypothesized that LMO4 may be r...

    Authors: Jun Yu, Kenoki Ohuchida, Kohei Nakata, Kazuhiro Mizumoto, Lin Cui, Hayato Fujita, Hiroshi Yamaguchi, Takuya Egami, Hidehisa Kitada and Masao Tanaka
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2008 7:93
    Content type: Research Published on:

  43. KRAS and BRAF mutations appear of relevance in the genesis and progression of several solid tumor types but the co-occurrence and interaction of these mutations have not yet been fully elucidated. Using a microsa...

    Authors: Massimiliano Monticone, Emanuela Biollo, Massimo Maffei, Alessandra Donadini, Francesco Romeo, Clelia Tiziana Storlazzi, Walter Giaretti and Patrizio Castagnola
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2008 7:92
    Content type: Research Published on:

  44. Overexpression of HER-2/Neu occurs in about 25–30% of breast cancer patients and is indicative of poor prognosis. While Her2/Neu overexpression is primarily a result of erbB2 amplification, it has recently bee...

    Authors: Prudence B Lam, Laura N Burga, Bryan P Wu, Erin W Hofstatter, Kun Ping Lu and Gerburg M Wulf
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2008 7:91
    Content type: Research Published on:

  45. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily and is highly expressed in many human tumors including breast cancer. PPARγ has been identified ...

    Authors: Yekaterina Y Zaytseva, Xin Wang, R Chase Southard, Natalie K Wallis and Michael W Kilgore
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2008 7:90
    Content type: Research Published on:

  46. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) frequently presents as multiple tumour-foci within a single thyroid gland or pluriform, with synchronous tumours comprising different histological variants, raising questions ...

    Authors: Sinéad T Aherne, Paul C Smyth, Richard J Flavin, Susan M Russell, Karen M Denning, Jing Huan Li, Simone M Guenther, John J O'Leary and Orla M Sheils
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2008 7:89
    Content type: Research Published on:

  47. Recently we have reported membrane androgen receptors-induced apoptotic regression of prostate cancer cells regulated by Rho/ROCK/actin signaling. In the present study we explored the specificity of these rece...

    Authors: Natalia Papadopoulou, Ioannis Charalampopoulos, Vasileia Anagnostopoulou, Georgios Konstantinidis, Michael Föller, Achilleas Gravanis, Konstantinos Alevizopoulos, Florian Lang and Christos Stournaras
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2008 7:88
    Content type: Research Published on:

  48. Aldehyde dehydrogenase isozymes ALDH1A1 and ALDH3A1 are highly expressed in non small cell lung cancer. Neither the mechanisms nor the biologic significance for such over expression have been studied.

    Authors: Jan S Moreb, Henry V Baker, Lung-Ji Chang, Maria Amaya, M Cecilia Lopez, Blanca Ostmark and Wayne Chou
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2008 7:87
    Content type: Research Published on:

  49. Convictions are a driving force for actions. Considering that every individual has a different set of convictions and larger groups act once a consensus decision is reached, one can see that debate is an inher...

    Authors: Hassan R Naqvi, Shawn Mathur, David Covarrubias, Josephine A Curcio and Christian Schmidt
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2008 7:86
    Content type: Editorial Published on:

  50. Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) regulate diverse processes, including extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, and growth factors and their receptors' activities through the inhibition of matrix ...

    Authors: Jorge Melendez-Zajgla, Luis Del Pozo, Gisela Ceballos and Vilma Maldonado
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2008 7:85
    Content type: Review Published on:
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