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Table 2 Clinicopathological, and molecular characteristics according to KRAS mutation status in 1267 colorectal cancer cases

From: Analyses of clinicopathological, molecular, and prognostic associations of KRAS codon 61 and codon 146 mutations in colorectal cancer: cohort study and literature review

Clinicopathological or molecular feature

Total No.

KRAS

P(Wild-type vs. mutant)

KRAS mutations identified in only one codon

P(Across four mutants)

Wild-type

Mutant

Codon 12

Codon 13

Codon 61

Codon 146

Total No. of patients

1267

762

505

 

333

108

17

35

 

Sex

   

0.0091

    

0.11

 Male

573 (45%)

322 (42%)

251 (50%)

 

162 (49%)

59 (55%)

4 (24%)

19 (54%)

 

 Female

694 (55%)

440 (58%)

254 (50%)

 

171 (51%)

49 (45%)

13 (76%)

16 (46%)

 

Mean age (years) ± SD

68.6 ± 8.7

68.4 ± 8.6

68.8 ± 8.8

0.47

69.5 ± 8.5

67.5 ± 9.2

70.0 ± 9.3

66.0 ± 9.8

0.065

BMI (kg/m2)

   

0.13

    

0.43

 <30

1025 (81%)

607 (80%)

418 (83%)

 

278 (84%)

88 (81%)

11 (69%)

30 (86%)

 

 ≥30

240 (19%)

155 (20%)

85 (17%)

 

54 (16%)

20 (19%)

5 (31%)

5 (14%)

 

Year of diagnosis

   

0.26

    

0.032

 Prior to 1998

640 (51%)

375 (49%)

265 (52%)

 

164 (49%)

63 (58%)

5 (29%)

23 (66%)

 

 1998 - 2006

627 (49%)

387 (51%)

240 (48%)

 

169 (51%)

45 (42%)

12 (71%)

12 (34%)

 

Family history of colorectal cancer in first degree relative(s)

   

0.76

    

0.87

 Absent

1026 (81%)

612 (80%)

414 (82%)

 

273 (82%)

89 (82%)

14 (82%)

27 (77%)

 

 Present in one first degree relative

179 (14%)

111 (15%)

68 (13%)

 

44 (13%)

15 (14%)

3 (18%)

5 (14%)

 

 Present in two or more first degree relatives

62 (5%)

39 (5%)

23 (5%)

 

16 (5%)

4 (4%)

0

3 (9%)

 

Tumor location

   

<0.0001

    

0.50

 Cecum

209 (17%)

90 (12%)

119 (24%)

 

79 (24%)

27 (25%)

4 (24%)

6 (18%)

 

 Ascending colon

262 (21%)

171 (23%)

91 (18%)

 

52 (16%)

25 (24%)

3 (18%)

7 (21%)

 

 Hepatic flexure to transverse colon

117 (9%)

78 (10%)

39 (8%)

 

26 (8%)

7 (6%)

4 (24%)

2 (5%)

 

 Splenic flexure to descending colon

90 (7%)

57 (8%)

33 (6%)

 

22 (7%)

7 (6%)

0

3 (8%)

 

 Sigmoid colon

297 (24%)

182 (24%)

115 (23%)

 

83 (25%)

22 (20%)

1 (5%)

8 (24%)

 

 Rectum

279 (22%)

176 (23%)

103 (21%)

 

67 (20%)

20 (19%)

5 (29%)

8 (24%)

 

Disease stage

   

0.028

    

0.89

 I

298 (23%)

190 (25%)

108 (21%)

 

77 (23%)

20 (19%)

4 (23%)

4 (11%)

 

 II

354 (28%)

230 (30%)

124 (25%)

 

77 (23%)

30 (28%)

5 (29%)

11 (32%)

 

 III

328 (26%)

183 (24%)

145 (29%)

 

97 (29%)

29 (27%)

3 (18%)

11 (32%)

 

 IV

173 (14%)

93 (12%)

80 (16%)

 

51 (15%)

18 (16%)

2 (12%)

6 (17%)

 

 Unknown

114 (9%)

66 (9%)

48 (9%)

 

31 (10%)

11 (10%)

3 (18%)

3 (8%)

 

Tumor differentiation

   

<0.0001

    

0.55

 Well-moderate

1137 (90%)

663 (88%)

474 (94%)

 

314 (95%)

99 (92%)

16 (94%)

34 (97%)

 

 Poor

123 (10%)

94 (12%)

29 (6%)

 

17 (5%)

9 (8%)

1 (6%)

1 (3%)

 

Peritumoral lymphocytic reaction

   

0.042

    

0.48

 Absent-minimal

164 (14%)

96 (13%)

68 (14%)

 

47 (15%)

14 (13%)

2 (12%)

4 (12%)

 

 Mild

878 (72%)

515 (71%)

363 (75%)

 

237 (75%)

76 (71%)

12 (76%)

28 (85%)

 

 Moderate-marked

170 (14%)

117 (16%)

53 (11%)

 

32 (10%)

17 (16%)

2 (12%)

1 (3%)

 

MSI status

   

<0.0001

    

0.078

 MSI-low/MSS

1057 (85%)

587 (79%)

470 (94%)

 

315 (95%)

100 (94%)

14 (82%)

31 (89%)

 

 MSI-high

191 (15%)

160 (21%)

31 (6.2%)

 

16 (4.8%)

6 (5.7%)

3 (18%)

4 (11%)

 

CIMP status

   

<0.0001

    

0.014

 CIMP-negative

521 (44%)

311 (44%)

210 (44%)

 

139 (44%)

37 (36%)

8 (50%)

19 (54%)

 

 CIMP-low

460 (39%)

224 (32%)

236 (49%)

 

154 (49%)

59 (57%)

4 (25%)

16 (46%)

 

 CIMP-high

206 (17%)

172 (24%)

34 (7%)

 

21 (7%)

7 (7%)

4 (25%)

0

 

PIK3CA mutation status

   

<0.0001

    

0.63

 Wild-type

983 (84%)

632 (89%)

351 (76%)

 

242 (78%)

72 (74%)

12 (80%)

19 (68%)

 

 Mutant

190 (16%)

78 (11%)

112 (24%)

 

70 (22%)

25 (26%)

3 (20%)

9 (32%)

 

BRAF mutation status

   

<0.0001

    

0.25

 Wild-type

1078 (85%)

582 (77%)

496 (99%)

 

328 (99%)

106 (98%)

16 (94%)

35 (100%)

 

 Mutant

184 (15%)

177 (23%)

7 (1%)

 

3 (1%)

2 (2%)

1 (6%)

0

 

Mean LINE-1 methylation level (%) ± SD

62.7 ± 9.3

62.8 ± 9.6

62.5 ± 9.0

0.33

62.7 ± 9.2

61.5 ± 8.2

64.2 ± 10.1

63.1 ± 9.0

0.42

  1. (%) indicates the proportion of cases with a specific clinicopathological, or molecular feature among each KRAS mutation status group. The P-value for significance was adjusted for multiple hypothesis testing to P = 0.05/14 = 0.0036. Thus, a P-value between 0.05 and 0.0036 should be regarded as of borderline significance. BMI, body mass index; CIMP, CpG island methylator phenotype; MSI, microsatellite instability; MSS, microsatellite stable; SD, standard deviation.
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Molecular Cancer

ISSN: 1476-4598