Table 2 Tumor suppressor genes hypermethylated in invasive cervical cancer
From: Epigenetics of cervical cancer. An overview and therapeutic perspectives
Gene | Rate | Function | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
DcR1/DcR2 | 100% | Apoptosis | 113 |
hTERT | 57% | Apoptosis | 122 |
p73 | 39% | Apoptosis | 129 |
p16 | 8–42% | Cell-cycle | 130–136 |
PTEN | 58% | WNT-pathway | 142 |
E-cadherin | 28–80.5% | WNT-pathway | 143–145 |
APC | 11–94% | WNT-pathway | 133,135,136 |
MGMT | 5–81% | DNA repair | 133,134,136,144 |
FANCF | 30% | FA-BRAC pathway | 161 |
BRAC1 | 6.1% | FA-BRAC pathway | 133 |
hMLH1 | 5% | Mismatch repair | 134 |
RASSF1A | 0–45% | Negative ras-effector | 144,172–174 |
DAPK | 45–100% | Metastasis/cell death | 133,135,136,144 |
TSLC1 | 58–65% | Tumor suppressor | 179,180 |
FHIT | 11–88% | DNA repair?/cell death? | 133,134,135,136,144 |
HIC1 | 18–45% | Transcription factor | 133,135 |
RARβ | 33–66% | Cell differentiation | 133,136,200,201 |
TIMP2/TIMP3 | 47%/1–10% | Tissue inhibitor MTs | 144,202,203 |
Caveolin-1 | 6% | Caveolae membrane | 205 |
ER α | 25% | Steroid hormone receptor | 136 |