Fig. 5

miR-455-3p activates T-IC-associated signaling pathways. a GSEA analysis of TCGA indicating that miR-455-3p expression is significantly correlated with gene signatures regulated by the Wnt/β-catenin and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad pathways. b Relative luciferase activities of the TOP/FOP reporter or TGF-β reporter activity in the indicated cells. c Western blotting analysis of the expression of nuclear β-catenin, p-Smad2 (Ser465/467), and total Smad2 in the indicated cells. p84 and α-Tubulin were used as loading controls. d, e Predicted miR-455-3p targets (d) and RIP analysis of the association between miR-455-3p and the 3’UTR of the indicated targets (e). GAPDH served as a negative control. f Western blotting analysis of the expression of DKK3, GSK3β, Smurf2, and PPM1A in the indicated cells. α-Tubulin served as a loading control. Each bar represents the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. *P < 0.05