Targeting CRAF kinase in anti-cancer therapy: progress and opportunities

Table 2 Classification of oncogenic RAF1 activating fusions

Fusion gene	Exon ratio (fusion gene/RAF1)	Associated cancers	Ref.
MBNL-1	EX 1-8 : EX 8-17	Langerhans cell histiocytosis	[9]
TMF1	EX 1-13 : EX 10-17	Sarcoma, NOS
QKI	EX 1-3 : EX 8-17	Pilocytic Astrocytoma
SOX6	EX 1-6 : EX 8-17	High-grade glioma, NOS
FYCO-1	CRAF intron 5: FYCO-1 intron11	Multi-metastatic melanoma, sensitive to MEK inhibitors	[10]
GOLGA-4	EX 1-12 : EX 10-17; EX 1-21 : EX 8-17; EX 1-5/1-14 : EX 8-17; EX 1-17 : EX 8-17	Desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma; Cutaneous melanoma, sensitive to MEK inhibitors; Melanoma; Pancreatic acinar cell carcinomas	[9, 11,12,13]
NFIA	EX 1-6 : EX 9-17	Pilocytic astrocytoma	[14]
SRGAP3	EX 1-10 : EX 9-17; EX 1-12 : EX 10-17	Low grade glioma, NOS; Pilocytic astrocytoma	[9, 15]
LRCH3	EX 1-12/1-13 : EX 8-17	Melanoma	[12]
CTDSPL	EX 1-2 : EX 8-17	Melanoma
MAP4	EX 1-13/1-15 : EX 8-17	Melanoma
PRXAR2A	EX 1-8/1-9 : EX 8-17	Melanoma
CTNNA1	EX 1-6 : EX 8-17	Pancreatic acinar cell carcinomas	[11]
GATM	EX 1-2 : EX 10-17	Pancreatic acinar cell carcinomas
PDZRN3	EX 1-5 : EX 8-17	Pancreatic acinar cell carcinomas
HERPUD1	EX 1-8 : EX 8-17	Pancreatic acinar cell carcinomas
TRIM33	EX 1-11 : EX 8-17	Pancreatic acinar cell carcinomas
LRRFIP2	EX 1-20 : EX 8-17	Acral Melanoma	[16]
PDZRN3	EX 1-5 : EX 10-17	Spindle cell tumors	[17, 18]
SLMAP	EX 1-10 : EX 8-17	Spindle cell tumors	[17]
MTAP	EX 1-7 : EX 8-17	Soft tissue sarcoma	[19]
ATG7	EX 1-18 : EX 8-17	Glioblastoma; Anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma	[9, 20]

MBNL-1 Muscleblind-like 1, TMF1 TATA Element Modulatory Factor 1, QKI Quaking, SOX6 SRY-Box Transcription Factor 6, FYCO-1 FYVE and Coiled-Coil Domain Autophagy Adaptor 1, GOLGA-4 Golgin A4, NFIA Nuclear Factor I/A, SRGAP3 SLIT-ROBO Rho GTPase Activating Protein 3, LRCH3 Leucine-rich Repeat-containing Protein 3, CTDSPL CTD Small Phosphatase-Like Protein, MAP4 Microtubule-Associated Protein 4, PRXAR2A Peroxiredoxin-1 Antioxidant Response Element 2A, CTNNA1 Catenin Alpha-1, GATM Glycine Amidinotransferase, PDZRN3 PDZ Domain-Containing Ring Finger 3, HERPUD1 Homocysteine-Inducible ER Protein with Ubiquitin-Like Domain 1, TRIM33 Tripartite Motif-Containing 33, LRRFIP2 Leucine-Rich Repeat Flightless-Interacting Protein 2, SLMAP Sarcolemmal Membrane-Associated Protein, MTAP Methylthioadenosine Phosphorylase, ATG7 Autophagy-Related 7, NOS Not Otherwise Specified

ISSN: 1476-4598