Fig. 4

Spontaneous metastasis formation is suppressed by A_II therapy. A Representative IHC panels of lungs stained for pan-cytokeratin from NOG mice transplanted with MDA-MB-231 tumor pieces and left untreated, treated with A_II or A_II in combination with anti-PDL1 demonstrating less cancer tissue in lungs treated with A_II and A_II in combination with anti-PDL1. Bottom pictures are enlarged versions of the black insert. Dotted lines represent tumor borders. Primary tumor expansion for this animal experiment is shown in Fig. 3c. B Quantification of spontaneous lung metastases from A presented as mean ± SD. C Quantification of mice presenting with lung metastases. Mice from three experiments are pooled. Primary tumor expansion for these animal experiments is shown in Fig. 3a, c and e. D-F Quantification of the density of treatment-resistant lung lesions in mice treated with A_II or A_II in combination with anti-PDL1. Primary tumor growth for these animal experiments is shown in Fig. 3a, c and e). Quantification of PDL1 levels G and myeloid tumor cell infiltration H on untreated and A_II treated primary tumors and matched lung lesions demonstrating higher PDL1 expression in primary tumors than in lung metastases, but comparable levels of CD11b⁺ cells upon treatment. Statistical difference was determined by the Mann Whitney test A or Student’s t-test G and H, respectively *0.05 > P ≥ 0.01, **0.01 > P ≥ 0.001, ***0.001 > P. a-PDL1, anti-PDL1. Scale bar 250 μm