Fig. 3
From: Selective autophagy in cancer: mechanisms, therapeutic implications, and future perspectives
ER-phagy’s catabolic process. According to LC3/GABARAP/Atg8, ER-phagy receptors are localized in ER subdomains that need to be degraded. The endoplasmic subdomain and the autophagy mechanism are connected in this way. The isolation membrane connects to the ER assembles and expands into phagocytes. The phagosome then encapsulate the ER fragment and seal to form autophagosome. The autophagosome and lysosome then combine to produce a vacuole in yeast and plants, or an autolysosome in mammalian cells. Eventually, the components swallowed by the autophagosome are broken down by lysosome/vacuolar hydrolase