Identification of an epigenetic biomarker panel with high sensitivity and specificity for colorectal cancer and adenomas

Table 3 Promoter hypermethylation of biomarkers in colorectal carcinomas (test and validation sets) compared with the patients clinico-pathological features and tumor phenotype

	*CNRIP1*		*FBN1*		*INA*		*MAL*		*SNCA*		Panel
	M	U	M	U	M	U	M	U	M	U	Pos	Neg
Tumors
No	169/179	10/179	142/179	37/179	117/179	62/179	162/179	17/179	119/179	60/179	168/179	11/179
Tumor phenotype
MSI	47	1	42	6	36	11	46	2	37	10	47	1
MSS	122	9	100	31	81	51	116	15	82	50	121	10
P value	NS		NS		7.4E-2		NS		7.6E-2		NS
*BRAF* ex15
Wild Type	136	10	109	37	87	59	129	17	89	57	135	11
Mutation	33	0	33	0	30	3	33	0	30	3	33	0
P value	NS		2.5E-4		4.5E-4		3.9E-2		8.5E-4		NS
Sex
Male	83	6	71	18	57	32	81	8	57	32	81	8
Female	86	4	71	19	60	30	81	9	62	28	87	3
P value	NS		NS		NS		NS		NS		NS
Tumor site - 2 groups
Proximal	67	3	57	13	53	17	65	5	50	20	66	4
Distal	100	7	83	24	63	44	95	12	67	40	100	7
P value	NS		NS		2.4E-2		NS		NS		NS
Tumor site - 3 groups
Right	67	3	57	13	53	17	65	5	50	20	66	4
Left	57	0	48	9	36	21	54	3	39	18	57	0
Rectum	43	7	35	15	27	23	41	9	28	22	43	7
P value	6.1E-3		NS		4.3E-2		5.5E-2		NS		1.1E-2
Stage
I	27	3	23	7	19	11	26	4	20	10	27	3
II	76	3	60	19	54	25	72	7	52	27	75	4
III	45	4	42	7	31	18	44	5	33	16	45	4
IV	21	0	17	4	13	8	20	1	14	7	21	0
P value	NS		NS		NS		NS		NS		NS

Pearson's chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to calculate P-values. Associations between SPG20 promoter hypermethylation and tumor phenotype have been published elsewhere [9].
Abbreviations: MSI, microsatellite instability; MSS, microsatellite stable; Neg, biomarker panel negative; NS, not significant; Pos, biomarker panel positive. A positive biomarker panel is defined as methylation of two or more of the following biomarkers: CNRIP1, FBN1, INA, MAL, SNCA and SPG20.

ISSN: 1476-4598