Figure 3

Determination of an Equivalence Point (EP) in bladder cell lines LD419 and T24: Equivalence point for any sample is defined as the concentration of cDNA, which yields a visually equivalent band intensity between the NT & CT (1:1 ratio) for ACTB. cDNA dilution approximating the equivalence point is chosen for further quantification experiments. Decreasing concentrations of cDNA (NT) were separately added to a constant volume of CT mix (containing ACTB competitor at 10^-12M), and the mixtures were amplified using ACTB primers for 35 cycles. The PCR products were electrophoresed and the 'equivalence points' were visually assigned for LD419 and T24 cDNA (arrows).