Ovarian dysgerminomas are characterised by frequent KIT mutations and abundant expression of pluripotency markers

Table 1 Protein expression of stem cell markers and others in OGCTs

HISTOLOGY of core	N	N bilat	OCT-3/4		NANOG		KIT		AP-2γ		TSPY		MAGE-A4		NY-ESO-1		AMH		PLAP		HCG		AFP
OVARIAN TISSUES
Foetal GW 13–18	4		OCT-3/4 in foetal ovary: Ref [21]		Neg		KIT in foetal ovary: Ref [31]		AP-2γ in foetal ovary: Ref [27]		Neg		Oogonia++		Oogonia+/-		AMH in foetal ovary: Ref [19]		n.a.		n.a.		n.a.
Foetal GW 20–24	4				Neg						Neg		Oogonia++		Oogonia+/-				n.a.		n.a.		n.a.
Foetal GW 34–40	4				Neg						Neg		Oogonia++		Oogonia+/-				n.a.		n.a.		n.a.
DG	17	4	++/+-	80%	++	67%	++/+	80%**	++/+	33%	+-	13%	++/+-	40%			-		++/+-	100%	++	7%	++	7%
DG (w/GB) ^¤	8	4	++/+-	75%	++/+	38%	++	88%**	+/+-	38%	++/+	63%	+	13%	-		-		++/+-	100%	-		-
GB	2	1	++/+	100%	+	50%	++/+	100%**	-		++	50%	-		-		-		++	100%	-		-
EC	1		-		+	100%	-		-		-		-		-		-		++	100%	-		-
YST	14	1	+	8%	+	15%	+/+-	15%	-		-		-		-		-		++/+-	46%	-		++/+-	77%
IT	17		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		+-	6%
CC	1		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		++	100%	-
SCC	8		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
NON-OVARIAN TISSUES
Adult normal testis	3		-		+-	(unsp)	+	100%^†	-		++	100%^\|\|	+	100%^\|\|	+	33%^††	++	100%^‡	-		-		-
CIS testis	2		++	100%	++	100%	++	100%	++	100%	++	100%	-		-		-		n.a.		n.a.		n.a.
Seminoma testis	2		++	100%	++	100%	++	100%	++	50%	++	100%	-		-		-		++	100%	-		-
EC/TER testis	2		++	100%	++	100%	+	50%	++/+	100%	+	100%	-		-		-		++/+	100%	++	100%	+	50%
YST testis	1		++	100%	++	100%	-		-		-		-		-		-		+	100%	++	100%	++	100%
Colon cancer	2		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Prostate cancer	2		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Normal brain	1		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-
Normal kidney	1		-		-		-	(unsp)	-	(unsp)	+-	(unsp)	-		-		-		-		-		-
Normal liver	2		-		-		-	(unsp)	-	(unsp)	-		-		-		-		-		-		-

Staining intensity is marked by '++'/'+'/'+-'/'-' followed by the percentage of positive tissue samples. Staining intensity = '++': >50%, of tumour cells stained; '+': staining in approximately 20–50% of tumour cells; '+-': few cells stained; '-': no positive cells detected. For each tumour type the range of staining intensities are divided with '/'. Symbols = ^†: staining in spermatocytes; ^||: staining in spermatocytes and spermatogonia; ^††: staining in spermatogonia; ^‡: staining in pre-pubertal Sertoli cells; **: all bilateral DG or GB stained '++' with KIT; ^¤: DG tissue from patients with diagnosis DG with GB. Abbreviations: OGCT = ovarian germ cell tumour; GW = gestational week; DG = dysgerminoma; GB = gonadoblastoma; EC = embryonal carcinoma; YST = yolk sac tumour; IT = immature teratoma; CC = choriocarcinoma; SCC = small cell carcinoma; CIS = carcinoma in situ; TER = teratoma; N = number; bilat = bilateral; n.a. = not analysed; ref = reference; unsp = unspecific.

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