Experimental approach | Molecular characteristics of PCSCs | References |
---|---|---|
Short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated ZEB1-knockdown in the two cells with the highest levels of ZEB1(Panc–1 and MiaPaCa–2) | Reduction of CD24+/CD44+ subpopulation, reduced sphere formation in the two cancer cell lines and sphere numbers in subsequent generations decreased expression of stem cell factors such as Sox2, Bmi1 and p63 | [96] |
CD133 overexpression in Mia PaCa-2 cell | Increased mRNA expression of several EMT-associated genes: SNAI1, ZEB1, Vimentin, CDH2 and MMP9. CD133hi-MIA cells show a more fibroblast-like morphology | [97] |
Silenced Snail in Panc-1 cells | A significant decrease in the ALDHhigh population, reduction initial formation of spheres and sphere numbers in subsequent generations. | [98] |
Nestin shRNA in PANC-1 cell and nestin-overexpressing in MiaPaCa-2 cell | Expression of mesenchymal markers, acquisition of invasive properties and high motility/opposite effects | [99] |
Isolate the SP cell fraction (side population, a cancer stem cell enriched fraction from Panc-1,KP-1NL and Capan-2 cell lines), incubate SP cells in the presence of TGF-β | Production of cells with mesenchymal-like morphology,alteration such as reduction of E- cadherin mRNA and induction of Snail mRNA and (MMP)-2 mRNA | [52] |