Fig. 2

SGC7901/VCR cells exhibit increased autophagy. a Autophagy was evaluated in SGC7901/VCR cells that exhibited chemoresistance using transmission electron microscopy. The data were quantified by counting the number of autophagosomes per cross-sectioned cell. b Autophagosome formation in whole cell lysates was determined by Western blot analysis using LC3 and p62 antibodies. The top band (16 kilodaltons) represents LC3-I, and the bottom band (14 kilodaltons) represents LC3-II. c SGC7901/VCR cells and their parental cell lines were treated with 10 mmol/L CQ for 24 hours before being subjected to Western blot analysis for LC3 expression. d CQ greatly enhanced the sensitivity of SGC7901/VCR cells to chemotherapeutic agents. e flow cytometric analysis of Annexin V staining. The data are presented as the means ± S.D. of values obtained in 3 independent experiments. *, p < 0.05