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Fig. 4 | Molecular Cancer

Fig. 4

From: The critical roles of activated stellate cells-mediated paracrine signaling, metabolism and onco-immunology in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Fig. 4

Immunosuppressive modulator role of PSCs. PSCs induce TME remodeling, dense matrix caused hypoxia and hypo-vascularity impair T cells infiltration and their nutrition obtaining; multifactorial T cell exhaustion attenuates Teff functions; PSCs-derived suppressive factors (such as IL-6, CXCL12), suppressive signaling and recruitment of suppressive cells (such as MDSCs, Treg cells, TAMs) create an immunosuppressive TME in PDAC

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Molecular Cancer

ISSN: 1476-4598