From: Exosomes promote pre-metastatic niche formation in ovarian cancer
Exosome Function | Origin of exosomes | Recipient cells | Effect | Potential targets | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Immunosuppression | Ascites of OC patients | T cells | Arrest T cells | GD3, TCR | [46] |
Ascites of OC patients | Monocytes | Cytokine production | TLR signaling pathways | [47] | |
Ascites of OC patients | PBMCs and DCs | Apoptosis | FasL | [27] | |
Ascites of OC patients | T cells | Apoptosis | FasL | [54] | |
OC cells | T cells | Counterattack against activated T cells | LPA and FasL | [55] | |
Ovarian tumor tissues | T cells | T cell inhibition | Depletion or blockade of PS | [56] | |
EOC cells and ascites | NK cells | Cytotoxicity inhibition | NKG2D | [57] | |
Angiogenesis | OC cells | HUVECs | Affect VEGF or HIF-1α | ATF2 and MTA1 | [58] |
OC cells | HUVECs | CD147 stimulates VEGF expression | CD147 | [59] | |
OC cells | HUVECs | Activate β-catenin and NF-κB signaling | sE-cad | [60] | |
Stroma remodeling | OC cells | ADSCs | Transition ADSCs to CAFs | α-SMA, SDF-1, TGF-β SMAD2 and PI3K/AKT pathway | [67] |
OC cells | Macrophages | Macrophage M2 polarization | miR-21–3p, miR-125b-5p, and miR-181d-5p SOCS4/5/ STAT3 pathway | [41] |