The role of exosomal PD-L1 in tumor progression and immunotherapy

Table 2 The regulatory role of immune cell-derived exosomes in tumor progression

Origin of Exosomes	Target cells					Tumor progression	References
Origin of Exosomes	DC	CD4⁺ T	CTL	Treg	Th17	Tumor progression	References
DC		↑	↑	↓		↓	[32]
CD4⁺ T cell			↓			↑	[33]
CD8⁺ T cell	↓		↑			↑↓	[7, 34]
Macrophage		↑				↓	[35]
TAM	↓			↑	↑	↑	[32]
Mast cell	↑	↑	↑			↓	[35]
B cell	↑	↑	↓↑			↓↑	[35, 36]
MDSC			↓			↑	[37]
Treg			↓			↑	[38]

Tumor progression includes: ↑promotion, ↓inhibition
DC Dendritic cell, MSC Mesenchymal stem cell, CTL Cytotoxic T lymphocyte, NK Natural killer, M2 M2 macrophage, TAM Tumor-associated macrophages cell, Treg Regulatory T cell, MDSC Myeloid-derived suppressor cell, Th T helper

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