Fig. 1

Identification of LINRIS as an oncogenic lncRNA in CRC. a Heatmap for differentially expressed lncRNAs in CRC tissues compared with that in normal tissues. b qPCR detection shows that LINRIS was highly expressed in CRC tissues (T, n = 118) compared with the expression in normal colon tissues (N). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. c Kaplan-Meier analysis of the OS curves for CRC patients with LINRIS-low (n = 58) or LINRIS-high (n = 60) expression (log-rank test). d The overall LINRIS expression in multiple human cancers from TCGA. e LINRIS levels in different CRC cell lines compared with the level in the normal colon cell line CCD841. The data are shown as the mean ± SD; n = 3 independent experiments, two-tailed Student’s t-test, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. f qPCR detection shows that LINRIS was highly expressed in ESCC (n = 42), GC tissues (n = 35) and PDAC (n = 27) tissues compared with the expression in normal esophageal, gastric and pancreatic tissues respectively. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. g BrdU assays of the indicated cells with LINRIS knockdown by shRNAs compared with the control. The data are shown as the mean ± SD; n = 3 independent experiments, two-tailed Student’s t-test, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. h and i Images (h) and quantification (i) of the 3D culture of the indicated cells with or without knocking down LINRIS after 1 week. Scale bar, 100 μm. The data are shown as the mean ± SD; n = 3 independent experiments, two-tailed Student’s t-test, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. j FISH assays identifying the subcellular location of LINRIS in HCT116 cells. Scale bar, 100 μm. k RNAScope® ISH detection of LINRIS expression (arrows) in CRC cells. Scare bar: 20 μm. l Location of LINRIS in the cytoplasmic and nuclear extractions from CRC cells with qPCR