Table 4 Feasible combination therapies applied to preclinical tumor models
From: Comprehensive elaboration of the cGAS-STING signaling axis in cancer development and immunotherapy
Treatment regimens | Â | Cancer type | Therapeutic effects | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Immunotherapy-STING agonists combination | RR-CDG (i.t., every 3 d) + PD-L1 blockade (i.p., 100 μg) | HNSCC | Stronger antitumor effects than monotherapy | [149] |
cGAMP (i.m., 1-10 μg) + PD-L1 blockade (i.p., 200 μg) | B16 melanoma | Augments antitumor effect | [150] | |
STINGVAX (subcutaneous injection 20 μg CDN per vaccine dose) + PD-1 blockade (i.p., 200 μg twice a week) | CT26 colon cancer | Regression of poorly immunogenic tumors | [111] | |
STING-activating nanovaccine + PD-1 blockade | TC-1 tumor models | Complete tumor regression | [151] | |
PBAE-CDN (i.t., 2 μg) + anti-PD-1 antibody (i.p., 100 μg twice weekly) | B16 melanoma tumors | Significantly reduces tumor growth compared to unencapsulated CDNs | [158] | |
Olaparib (i.p., 50 mg/kg/d) + anti-PD-L1 antibody (i.p., 250 μg every 3 days) | BRCA-deficient ovarian cancer | Sustained tumor growth control and extended survival | [126] | |
BMN673 (oral gavage, 0.33 mg/kg/d) + anti-PD-L1 antibody (i.p., 200 μg, every 3 days) | Colorectal and ovarian cancer | Reduces tumor burden | [152] | |
Teniposide (i.p., 10 mg/kg) + anti-PD1 antibody (i.p., 100 μg, every 3 days) | B16 melanoma; colon cancer | Potentiates efficacy of anti-PD1 therapy | [129] | |
Irradiation + anti-CTLA-4 blockade | B16 melanoma | Significant reduction in the growth of abscopal tumors | [70] | |
ICI cocktail (i.p., 100 μg) + CDG (i.t., 25 μg) | Prostate cancer | Higher cure rate than monotherapy | [153] | |
cdGMP + CAR-T cells | Pancreatic tumors | Approximately one-half of the treated mice had complete tumor elimination | [113] | |
Chemotherapy-STING agonists combination | cGAMP (i.t., 2.5 μg) + cisplatin (i.p., 6 mg/kg) | Squamous cell carcinoma | Antitumor effects | [154] |
cGAMP (i.t., 5 mg/kg/d) + 5-FU (i.p., 10 mg/kg/d) | CT26 cancer | Ameliorates tumor progression | [107] | |
Radiotherapy-STING agonists combination | 2′3′-cGAMP (10 μg) + radiotherapy (20 Gy) | MC38 tumors | Significant antitumor effect | [126] |
RR-S2-CDG (10 μg) + radiotherapy (10 Gy) | Panc02 pancreatic adenocarcinoma | Controls local tumors and distant metastasis | [155] | |
Targeted therapy-STING agonists combination | cGAMP + cetuximab | HPV+ HNSCC | Tumor recession | [156] |
c-diAM (PS)2 (i.t., 10 μg) + STAT3 inhibitor (i.t., 30 μg) | Mouse 4 T1 tumors | Significant tumor regression | [157] | |
STING agonist (50 μg) + GITR antibody (100 μg) | B-cell lymphoma | Synergistic antitumor effects | [159] |