The role and application of small extracellular vesicles in gastric cancer

Table 4 Role of sEVs cargo in the microenvironment of GC

Type	Contents	Donor cells	Recipient cells	Function	Ref.
Protein	HMGB1	BGC	Neutrophils	Induce N2 polarization of neutrophils	[50]
Protein	BMPs	SGC-7901	Pericytes	Induce transition into cancer-associated fibroblasts	[112]
Protein	CagA	CagA-expressing WT-A10	WT-10 and AGS	Involved in the development of extra-gastric disorders associated with CagA-positive H. pylori infection	[113]
Protein	Apolipoprotein E	TAM	MFC and MGC- 803	Promote cell migration	[114]
Protein	MET	H. pylori-infected AGS	TAM	Educate macrophages towards a pro-tumourigenesis phenotype	[115]
Protein	TGF-β1	Plasma from GC patients	CD4⁺CD45RA⁺ naïve T cells	Induce Treg cell differentiation	[116]
Protein	TGF-β	SGC-7901 and HGC-27	HucMSCs	Trigger differentiation to carcinoma-associated fibroblasts	[117]
miRNA	miR-21	TAM	BGC-823	Contribute to cell proliferation	[118]
miRNA	miR-451	MKN45	Infiltrated T cells	Increase Th17 differentiation	[119]
miRNA	miR-27a	SGC-7901	CCC-HSF-1	Promote transformation into cancer-associated fibroblasts	[120]
miRNA	miR-106a	AGS	Mesothelial cells	Promote peritoneal metastasis	[121]
miRNA	miR-34	Cancer-associated fibroblasts	AGS, AZ521, MKN1, and NUGC3	Inhibit growth and invasion of GC cells	[122]
miRNA	miR-139	Cancer-associated fibroblasts	AGS	Inhibit GC progression	[123]
miRNA	miR-30a-5p	deoxycholic acid-induced macrophage	GES-1	Promote intestinal metaplasia and suppress proliferation	[124]
miRNA	miR-16-5p	M1 macrophages	T cells	Inhibit GC progression	[125]
circRNA	ciRS-133	SGC-7901	3T3L1	Promote differentiation into brown-like cells	[126]

ISSN: 1476-4598