Fig. 2

Elevated tsRNAsin tumor tissues as independent indicator for predicting survival time of PC patients. A tRF-Pro-AGG-004 and tRF-Leu-CAG-002 expression in PC tissues and paired serum from the same patients (n = 20). B The concentrations of tRF-Pro-AGG-004 and tRF-Leu-CAG-002 secreted in the PANC1 culture medium depend on cell number and duration of culture. C PANC1 cells were treatmented with tRF-Pro-AGG-004 or tRF-Leu-CAG-002 inhibitors, the concentrations of tRF-Pro-AGG-004 and tRF-Leu-CAG-002 secreted in the PANC1 culture medium were measured. D Serum tRF-Pro-AGG-004 and tRF-Leu-CAG-002 expression levels in normal mice and PC orthotopic transplantation tumor mice. E Significant correlation between serum tRF-Pro-AGG-004 and tRF-Leu-CAG-002 expression and tumor weight in mice. F tRF-Pro-AGG-004 in patient serum, mouse serum and cell medium is mainly in exosome-free fraction, whereas tRF-Leu-CAG-002 is mainly in exosome. The 60 PC patients in cohort 1 were divided into two groups: shorter-survival group (n = 30) and longer survival group (n = 30). The 75 PC patients in cohort 2 were divided into two groups: shorter-survival group (n = 38) and longer survival group (n = 37). G Representative results for in situ hybridization (ISH) staining of tRF-Pro-AGG-004 or tRF-Leu-CAG-002 in pancreatic cancer (PC) tissues from two groups. H, J ISH scores of tRF-Pro-AGG-004 and tRF-Leu-CAG-002 in two groups from two cohorts (according to positive rate of ISH staining, each sample was scored as 1(0–25%), 2(26–50%), 3(51–75%), 4(76–100%)). I, K Kaplan–Meier overall survival curve of PC patients in two cohorts based on ISH scores of tRF-Pro-AGG-004 and tRF-Leu-CAG-002, and combined tRF-Pro-AGG-004 and tRF-Leu-CAG-002. The optimal cut-offs of ISH was set (ISH score ≥ 3 as high and ISH score < 3 as low). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ****P < 0.0001