Fig. 1
From: Targeting RNA N6-methyladenosine modification: a precise weapon in overcoming tumor immune escape
The molecular mechanism of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification. m6A modification is a dynamic and reversible epigenetic modification that is regulated by “writers” and “erasers.” It is primarily catalyzed by the m6A methyltransferase complex comprising the main components METTL3/METTL14/WTAP and other regulatory proteins (RBM15/15B, KIAA1429, ZC3H13, CBLL1, and VIRMA). In addition, METTL16, METTL5, ZCCHC4, and PCIF1 are methyltransferases that directly catalyze m6A modifications in RNA molecules. The erasers mainly consist of FTO, ALKBH5, and ALKBH3. The “readers” are binding proteins that recognize m6A modifications in the RNA. m6A modification can affect alternative splicing of pre-mRNA, mRNA degradation, mRNA stabilization, miRNA processing, and translation