Fig. 4From: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells: an emerging target for anticancer immunotherapyThe mechanism of MDSCs activation. Notably, only after activation can MDSCs acquire immunosuppressive activity. MDSCs activation is primarily associated with IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-13, PGE2 and ER stress sensors. The signaling pathways involved in MDSCs activation include STAT6, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and STAT1Back to article page