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Table 6 Clinical trials conducted for the management of skin cancer via nanotherapeutics (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)

From: Advancements in nanoparticle-based treatment approaches for skin cancer therapy

Type of nanoparticle/ Therapeutic agent

Trial no

Title of the study

Condition

Phase

Country

Status

Start–End year

Liposome/ Interferon alfa-2b, Melanoma vaccine

NCT00004104

Vaccine therapy plus interleukin-2 with or without interferon alfa-2b in treating patients with stage iii melanoma

Melanoma

Phase 2

United States

Completed

1998–2000

Albumin-nanoparticle/ Paclitaxel (ABI-007)

NCT00081042

ABI-007 in treating patients with inoperable locally recurrent or metastatic melanoma

Melanoma

Phase 2

United States

Completed

2004–2010

Liposome/ Vincristine

NCT00145041

Pharmacokinetic study of liposomal vincristine in patients with malignant melanoma & hepatic dysfunction

Melanoma

Phase 1

United States

Completed

2005–2007

Albumin nanoparticle/ Paclitaxel (ABI-007)

NCT00404235

Carboplatin and ABI-007 in treating patients with stage iv melanoma that cannot be removed by surgery

Melanoma

Phase 2

United States

Completed

2006–2010

Albumin nanoparticle/ Paclitaxel

NCT00626405

Bevacizumab and temozolomide or bevacizumab and paclitaxel albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation and carboplatin in treating patients with stage iv malignant melanoma that cannot be removed by surgery

Melanoma

Phase 2

United States

Completed

2008–2012

Nanoparticle/ Docetaxel (BIND-014)

NCT01300533

A study of BIND-014 given to patients with advanced or metastatic cancer

Skin cancer

Phase 1

United States

Completed

2011–2016

Albumin nanoparticle/ Paclitaxel (Abraxane®)

NCT02158520

nab-Paclitaxel and bevacizumab or ipilimumab as first-line therapy in treating patients with stage iv melanoma that cannot be removed by surgery

Melanoma

Phase 2

United States

Completed

2013–2019

Albumin nanoparticle/ Paclitaxel (Abraxane®)

NCT02020707

nab-Paclitaxel and bevacizumab in treating patients with unresectable stage iv melanoma or gynecological cancers

Melanoma

Phase 1

United States

Recruiting

2014-present

Albumin nanoparticle/ Paclitaxel (Abraxane®)

NCT02495896

Recombinant EphB4-HSA fusion protein with standard chemotherapy regimens in treating patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Phase 1

United States

Active, not recruiting

2015-present

Lipid nanoparticle/ mRNA-2752

NCT03739931

Dose escalation study of mRNA-2752 for intratumoral injection to participants in advanced malignancies

Melanoma

Phase 1

United States, Israel

Recruiting

2018-presnt

Topical nanoparticle ointment/ Paclitaxel (SOR007)

NCT03101358

Study of topical SOR007 ointment for cutaneous metastases

Cutaneous metastases from non-melanoma cancer

Phase 1 & 2

United States

Completed

2018–2020

Quantum dots

NCT04138342

Topical fluorescent nanoparticles conjugated somatostatin analog for suppression and bioimaging breast cancer

Skin cancer

Phase 1

Egypt, Saudi Arabia

Recruiting

2019-present

Hafnium oxide-containing nanoparticle (NBTXR3)

NCT04834349

Re-irradiation with NBTXR3 in combination with pembrolizumab for the treatment of inoperable locoregional recurrent head and neck squamous cell cancer

Head and neck squamous cell cancer

Phase 2

United States

Active, not recruiting

2021-present

Hafnium oxide-containing nanoparticle (NBTXR3)

NCT04862455

NBTXR3, radiation therapy, and pembrolizumab for the treatment of recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell cancer

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Phase 2

United States

Recruiting

2021-presnt

Gadolinium-based nanoparticle

NCT04899908

Stereotactic brain-directed radiation with or without AGuIX gadolinium-based nanoparticles in brain metastases

Metastasized melanoma

Phase 2

United States

Recruiting

2021-presnt

Liposome/ mRNA vaccine

NCT05264974

Novel RNA-nanoparticle vaccine for the treatment of early melanoma recurrence following adjuvant anti-PD-1 antibody therapy

Melanoma

Phase 1

United States

Not yet recruiting

2022-present

Hafnium oxide-containing nanoparticle (NBTXR3)

NCT04892173

NBTXR3 with or without cetuximab in LA-HNSCC

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Phase 3

United States, Belgium, Bulgaria, France, Georgia, Spain

Recruiting

2022-presnt