Fig. 2
From: CAR T cells: engineered immune cells to treat brain cancers and beyond
Multi-antigen targeting CAR T cells that prevent tumor antigen escape to intensify therapeutic attributes. a Bispecific/bivalent ‘OR-gated’ CAR T cells. Each CAR exhibits a comprehensive signal domain that, when present with either alike antigen, intensifies the antitumor activity of CAR T cells. b Bispecific ‘tandem’ CAR T cells. One CAR simultaneously expresses two different antigen-binding domains. c Trivalent ‘OR-gated’ CAR T cells. Three CARs expressing T cells intensify the antitumor effects by recognition of one, two, or three tumor-specific (targeted/validated) antigens. d A mixture of different single-targeted CAR T cells also ensures multi-antigen targeting