Table 4 Comparison of CAR T, NK, and macrophages in solid tumors treatment
Criteria | CAR-T | CAR-NK | CAR-M |
|---|---|---|---|
Cell sources | - PB (autologous/ allogeneic) - Rarely from iPSC and UCB | - UCB - BM - hESCs - IPSCs - NK92 cell line - PB | - UCB - BM - hESCs - IPSCs - HPSCs - THP1 cell line - PB |
Availability | - Autologous - MHC-matched allogeneic CAR-T cells - Unlikely “Off-the-shelf” product | - Autologous - Off-the-shelf CAR-NK product | - Autologous - Off-the-shelf CAR-M product |
In vivo safety and persistence | - Long-term persistence, - On-target/off-tumor toxicity - GVHD, CRS and Neurotoxicity | - Limited lifespan - Reduced on-target/off-tumor toxicity - GVHD, no CRS nor Neurotoxicity. | - Limited time in circulation - Less On-target/off-tumor toxicity - No GVHD - CRS and Neurotoxicity |
FDA-regulated CAR-cell products | - P-MUC1C-ALLO1 CAR-T cells (NCT05239143) - GD2 CAR T cells (NCT04196413) - GD2 CAR T cells (NCT00085930) - ROR1 CAR-T cells (LYL797) (NCT05274451) - ROR1 CAR-T cells (NCT02706392) - HER2 CAR-T cells (NCT03740256) - B7-H3 CAR-T cells (NCT04897321) - B7-H3 CAR-T cells (NCT04483778) - PSCA CAR-T cells (BPX-601) (NCT02744287) - PSCA CAR-T cells (NCT02744287) | - MICA/B CAR-NK cells (FT536) (NCT05395052) | - HER2 CAR-Macrophage (CT-0508) (NCT04660929) |