Table 1 CAFs-derived exosomes affect signaling pathways in immunotherapy
From: Roles of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in anti- PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy for solid cancers
Cancer type | Exosomes | Functions | Molecular mechanisms | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Breast cancer | miR-181D-5P | Promote cancer cell proliferation, invasion and accelerate EMT | Target CDX2 and downregulate CDX2 and HOXA5 | [108] |
miR-92 | Increased apoptosis and impaired proliferation of T cells | miR-92/YAP1-LATS2/PD-L1 | [86] | |
SNHG3 (lncRNA) | Increase glycolysis metabolism and inhibit immune cell activity | Target miR-330-5p and increase the PKM expression | [109] | |
Lung cancer | OIP5-AS1 | Inhibition of PBMCs-induced killing of lung cancer cells | OIP5-AS1/miR-142-5p/PD-L1 axis | [110] |
Colorectal cancer | CircEIF3K | Inhibits colorectal cancer cell proliferation, invasion and tube formation | circEIF3K/miR-214/PD-L1 | [85] |