Skip to main content
Fig. 2 | Molecular Cancer

Fig. 2

From: Define cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment: new opportunities in cancer immunotherapy and advances in clinical trials

Fig. 2

Functional heterogeneity of CAF. CAF is broadly classified as pro-tumor CAF and tumor-suppressing CAF, both of which affect tumor progression through multifaceted mechanisms. However, there are still other potential functions that have not been discovered, and it is not yet possible to determine whether this function is beneficial or harmful to tumor progression. ECM, extracellular matrix; SHH, Sonic Hedgehog. By Figdraw

Back to article page

Molecular Cancer

ISSN: 1476-4598