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Fig. 5 | Molecular Cancer

Fig. 5

From: Define cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment: new opportunities in cancer immunotherapy and advances in clinical trials

Fig. 5

Schematic diagram of the interaction of CAF with cells in LC, CRC, PCa, and Melanoma TME. CAF-secreted exosome LINC01614 activates the NF-κB signaling pathway, thus upregulating the glutamine transporters SLC38A2 and SLC7A5 to promote glutamine uptake. In CRC, the exosomal LINC00659, WEE2-AS1, and circEIF3K from CAF enhance CRC progression through various mechanisms, and the miR-146a-5p and miR-155-5p from CRC cells activate CAF. Moreover, through FGF9, IL-11, and glucosamine secretion, CAF expedites castration resistance in PCa cells. At last, inhibition of β-catenin in CAFs downregulates AKT and MAPK/ERK signaling and blocks EMT in BrafV600E; Ptenlox5/lox5 melanoma. Melanoma cell-secreted miR-155 and melanocyte-secreted miR-211 promote CAF transformation and NF-CAF transition respectively. By Biorender

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Molecular Cancer

ISSN: 1476-4598