Fig. 4

The diverse applications of CRISPR technology within cancer research. In section a, the paragraph explains that the inhibition of a specific gene can be accomplished by combining Deactivated Cas9 (dCas9) with repressor domains. In section b, it discusses how the fusion of dCas9 with activation domains can stimulate the expression of a particular gene. Furthermore, it mentions that augmenting the binding of additional transcription activators to a single-guide RNA or dCas9 can intensify the expression of target exons. In section c, it states that when dCas9 is fused with epigenetic regulators, it can either repress or activate transcription. In section d, the paragraph talks about the focused introduction of point mutations in the genome, which is made possible by combining dCas9 with adenosine deaminase or cytidine deaminase, allowing for precise genetic modifications. Additionally, it provides explanations for the abbreviations KRAB (Kruppel-associated box) and scFv (single-chain variable fragment). Reprinted from [15] with permission from Springer Nature