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  3. Glioblastoma is the deadliest and most prevalent brain tumor. Dexamethasone (DXM) is a commonly used steroid for treating glioblastoma patients for alleviation of vasogenic edema and pain prior to treatment wi...

    Authors: Arabinda Das, Naren L Banik, Sunil J Patel and Swapan K Ray
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:36
    Content type: Research Published on:

  4. Lung cancer remains to be the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Patients with similar lung cancer may experience quite different clinical outcomes. Reliable molecular prognostic markers are needed to ch...

    Authors: Zhifu Sun, Ping Yang, Marie-Christine Aubry, Farhad Kosari, Chiaki Endo, Julian Molina and George Vasmatzis
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:35
    Content type: Research Published on:

  5. Tpl2/Cot oncogene has been identified in murine T-cell lymphomas as a target of MoMuLV insertion. Animal and tissue culture studies have shown that Tpl2/Cot is involved in interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor necros...

    Authors: Anna V Christoforidou, Helen A Papadaki, Andrew N Margioris, George D Eliopoulos and Christos Tsatsanis
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:34
    Content type: Research Published on:

  6. Granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) are relatively rare and are subtypes of the sex-cord stromal neoplasms. Methylation induced silencing in the promoters of genes such as tumor suppressor genes, DNA repair genes and...

    Authors: Varinderpal S Dhillon, Mohd Shahid and Syed Akhtar Husain
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:33
    Content type: Research Published on:

  8. In addition to androgens, growth factors are also implicated in the development and neoplastic growth of the prostate gland. Prosaposin is a potent neurotrophic molecule. Homozygous inactivation of prosaposin in ...

    Authors: Tae-Jin Lee, Oliver Sartor, Ronald B Luftig and Shahriar Koochekpour
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:31
    Content type: Research Published on:

  9. To examine the relationship between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) alterations and colorectal tumorigenesis, we used high-resolution restriction endonucleases and sequencing to assess the mitochondrial genome from ...

    Authors: Felix O Aikhionbare, Masood Khan, Delicia Carey, Joel Okoli and Rodney Go
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:30
    Content type: Short communication Published on:

  10. The hedgehog pathway plays a critical role in the development of prostate. However, the role of the hedgehog pathway in prostate cancer is not clear. Prostate cancer is the second most prevalent cause of cance...

    Authors: Tao Sheng, Chengxin Li, Xiaoli Zhang, Sumin Chi, Nonggao He, Kai Chen, Frank McCormick, Zoran Gatalica and Jingwu Xie
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:29
    Content type: Research Published on:

  11. Tumor cell lines are commonly used as experimental tools in cancer research, but their relevance for the in vivo situation is debated. In a series of 11 microsatellite stable (MSS) and 9 microsatellite unstable (...

    Authors: Guro E Lind, Lin Thorstensen, Tone Løvig, Gunn I Meling, Richard Hamelin, Torleiv O Rognum, Manel Esteller and Ragnhild A Lothe
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:28
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. Epithelial ovarian tumours exhibit a range of malignant potential, presenting distinct clinical phenotypes. Improved knowledge of gene expression changes and functional pathways associated with these clinical ...

    Authors: Susanne Warrenfeltz, Stephen Pavlik, Susmita Datta, Eileen T Kraemer, Benedict Benigno and John F McDonald
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:27
    Content type: Research Published on:

  14. Pediatric brain tumors may originate from cells endowed with neural stem/precursor cell properties, growing in vitro as neurospheres. We have found that these cells can also be present in adult brain tumors an...

    Authors: Patrizia Tunici, Lorena Bissola, Elena Lualdi, Bianca Pollo, Laura Cajola, Giovanni Broggi, Gabriella Sozzi and Gaetano Finocchiaro
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:25
    Content type: Short communication Published on:

  15. Tumors and complex tissues consist of mixtures of communicating cells that differ significantly in their gene expression status. In order to understand how different cell types influence one another's gene exp...

    Authors: Luiz OF Penalva, Michael D Burdick, Simon M Lin, Hedwig Sutterluety and Jack D Keene
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:24
    Content type: Research Published on:

  17. The CBFA2T3 locus located on the human chromosome region 16q24.3 is frequently deleted in breast tumors. CBFA2T3 gene expression levels are aberrant in breast tumor cell lines and the CBFA2T3B isoform is a pot...

    Authors: Anthony J Bais, Alison E Gardner, Olivia LD McKenzie, David F Callen, Grant R Sutherland and Gabriel Kremmidiotis
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:22
    Content type: Research Published on:

  18. Colorectal cancers displaying high-degree microsatellite instability (MSI-H) have an improved prognosis compared to microsatellite stable (MSS) cancers. The observation of pronounced lymphocytic infiltrates su...

    Authors: Ayan Banerjea, Shafi Ahmed, Rebecca E Hands, Fei Huang, Xia Han, Peter M Shaw, Roger Feakins, Stephen A Bustin and Sina Dorudi
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:21
    Content type: Research Published on:

  19. Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant disorder with a complex range of clinical symptoms. The hallmark of NF1 is the onset of heterogeneous (dermal or plexiform) benign neurofibromas. Plexiform ...

    Authors: Pascale Lévy, Dominique Vidaud, Karen Leroy, Ingrid Laurendeau, Janine Wechsler, Giulia Bolasco, Béatrice Parfait, Pierre Wolkenstein, Michel Vidaud and Ivan Bièche
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:20
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. Hypoxia-tolerant human glioma cells reduce oxygen consumption rate in response to oxygen deficit, a defense mechanism that contributes to survival under moderately hypoxic conditions. In contrast, hypoxia-sens...

    Authors: Carrie DeHaan, Bahram Habibi-Nazhad, Elizabeth Yan, Nicole Salloum, Matthew Parliament and Joan Allalunis-Turner
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:19
    Content type: Research Published on:

  22. The agouti protein is a paracrine factor that is normally present in the skin of many species of mammals. Agouti regulates the switch between black and yellow hair pigmentation by signalling through the melano...

    Authors: Alexander I Kuklin, Randall L Mynatt, Mitchell L Klebig, Laura L Kiefer, William O Wilkison, Richard P Woychik and Edward J Michaud
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:17
    Content type: Research Published on:

  23. Male germ cell tumor (GCT) is a highly curable malignancy, which exhibits exquisite sensitivity to cisplatin treatment. The genetic pathway(s) that determine the chemotherapy sensitivity in GCT remain largely ...

    Authors: Sanjay Koul, James M McKiernan, Gopeshwar Narayan, Jane Houldsworth, Jennifer Bacik, Deborah L Dobrzynski, Adel M Assaad, Mahesh Mansukhani, Victor E Reuter, George J Bosl, Raju SK Chaganti and Vundavalli VVS Murty
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:16
    Content type: Research Published on:

  24. The expression of the rodent phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C δ-4 (PLCδ4) has been found to be elevated upon mitogenic stimulation and expression analysis have linked the upregulation of PLCδ4 express...

    Authors: David W Leung, Chris Tompkins, Jim Brewer, Alexey Ball, Mike Coon, Valerie Morris, David Waggoner and Jack W Singer
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:15
    Content type: Research Published on:

  25. CHK2 kinase is a tumor suppressor that plays important role in DNA damage signaling, cell cycle regulation and DNA damage induced apoptosis. CHK2 kinase expression was known to be ubiquitous in mammalian cells...

    Authors: Peilin Zhang, Jie Wang, Weiyi Gao, Bao-Zhu Yuan, John Rogers and Eddie Reed
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:14
    Content type: Research Published on:

  26. The cellular retinol binding protein I gene (CRBP) is downregulated in a subset of human breast cancers and in MMTV-Myc induced mouse mammary tumors. Functional studies suggest that CRBP downregulation contribute...

    Authors: Alice Arapshian, Silvina Bertran, Yuvarani S Kuppumbatti, Shigeo Nakajo and Rafael Mira-y-Lopez
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:13
    Content type: Research Published on:

  28. Established colorectal cancer cell lines subjected to different 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment protocols are often used as in vitro model systems for investigations of downstream cellular responses to 5-FU and t...

    Authors: Paula M De Angelis, Katherine L Kravik, Siv H Tunheim, Terje Haug and Wenche H Reichelt
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:11
    Content type: Research Published on:

  29. Small GTPases of the Rho family are critical regulators of various cellular functions including actin cytoskeleton organization, activation of kinase cascades and mitogenesis. For this reason, a major objectiv...

    Authors: Christina Curtis, Bianca Hemmeryckx, Leena Haataja, Dinithi Senadheera, John Groffen and Nora Heisterkamp
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:10
    Content type: Research Published on:

  31. Nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) is a pro-malignant transcription factor with reciprocal effects on pro-metastatic and anti-metastatic gene expression. Interestingly, NFκB blockade results in the reciprocal induc...

    Authors: Valentine B Andela and Randy N Rosier
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:8
    Content type: Research Published on:

  32. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been shown to be highly expressed in a broad series of primary endometrial tumors and its expression may be closely associated with parameters of tumor aggressiveness. In human end...

    Authors: Marie-Eve St-Germain, Veronique Gagnon, Sophie Parent and Eric Asselin
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:7
    Content type: Research Published on:

  33. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths in the Western world, and despite the fact that metastases are usually the ultimate cause of deaths, the knowledge of the genet...

    Authors: Chieu B Diep, Manuel R Teixeira, Lin Thorstensen, Johan N Wiig, Mette Eknæs, Jahn M Nesland, Karl-Erik Giercksky, Bertil Johansson and Ragnhild A Lothe
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:6
    Content type: Research Published on:

  34. Probe based detection assays form the mainstay of transcript quantification. Problems with these assays include varying hybridization efficiencies of the probes used for transcript quantification and the expen...

    Authors: Vincenzo Pagliarulo, Ben George, Stephen J Beil, Susan Groshen, Peter W Laird, Jie Cai, James Willey, Richard J Cote and Ram H Datar
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:5
    Content type: Research Published on:

  35. The expression of pro-angiogenic cytokines, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-8/CXCL8 (IL-8), plays an important role in tumor growth and metastasis. Low oxygen tension within p...

    Authors: Philip L Marjon, Ekaterina V Bobrovnikova-Marjon and Steve F Abcouwer
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:4
    Content type: Research Published on:

  36. Cellular senescence is a state in which mammalian cells enter into an irreversible growth arrest and altered biological functions. The senescence response in mammalian cells can be elicited by DNA-damaging age...

    Authors: Aruna S Jaiswal, Asha S Multani, Sen Pathak and Satya Narayan
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2004 3:3
    Content type: Research Published on:

  41. The chromosomal location of CUL-5 (11q 22-23) is associated with LOH in breast cancer, suggesting that CUL-5 may be a tumor suppressor. The purpose of this research was to determine if there is differential expre...

    Authors: Michael J Fay, Kenneth A Longo, George A Karathanasis, David M Shope, Craig J Mandernach, Jason R Leong, Alfred Hicks, Kenneth Pherson and Amyna Husain
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2003 2:40
    Content type: Research Published on:

  42. Recognition of pathogens by immune receptors leads to activation of macrophages, dendritic cells, and lymphocytes. Signals are communicated to enhance expression of target molecules such as cytokines and adhes...

    Authors: Martin P Kracklauer and Christian Schmidt
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2003 2:39
    Content type: Hypothesis Published on:

  43. The TF (Thomson – Friedenreich) blood group antigen behaves as an onco-foetal carcinoma-associated antigen, showing increased expression in malignancies and its detection and quantification can be used in sero...

    Authors: Sankaranarayanan Kannan, Reddi A Lakku, Devaraj Niranjali, Kamala Jayakumar, Arulraj H Steven, Taralakshmi VV, Chandramohan S, Ramathilakam Balakrishnan, Christian Schmidt and Devaraj Halagowder
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2003 2:38
    Content type: Research Published on:

  44. p8 is a stress-induced protein with multiple functions and biochemically related to the architectural factor HMG-I/Y. We analyzed the expression and function of p8 in pancreatic cancer-derived cells.

    Authors: Cédric Malicet, Nathalie Lesavre, Sophie Vasseur and Juan L Iovanna
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2003 2:37
    Content type: Research Published on:

  45. In recent years many efforts of researchers and clinicians were made to improve our knowledge of cachexia syndrome. Not only cancer, but also many chronic or end-stage diseases such as AIDS, chronic obstructiv...

    Authors: Marcus E Martignoni, Philipp Kunze and Helmut Friess
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2003 2:36
    Content type: Editorial Published on:

  46. Ex vivo generated dendritic cells (DC) genetically modified to express secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine (CCL-21/SLC) have been shown to stimulate potent antitumor responses in murine models. When injected intr...

    Authors: Karen Riedl, Felicita Baratelli, Raj K Batra, Seok Chul Yang, Jie Luo, Brian Escuadro, Robert Figlin, Robert Strieter, Sherven Sharma and Steven Dubinett
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2003 2:35
    Content type: Research Published on:

  47. Prostate cancer (PCa) incidences vary with genetic, geographical and ethnic dietary background of patients while angiogenesis is modulated through exquisite interplay of tumor-stromal interactions of biologica...

    Authors: Abhijit G Banerjee, Jie Liu, Yawei Yuan, Velliyur K Gopalakrishnan, Sonny L Johansson, Amit K Dinda, Narmada P Gupta, Lindsey Trevino and Jamboor K Vishwanatha
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2003 2:34
    Content type: Research Published on:

  48. Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) plays an important role in animal development and many cellular processes. A variety of cellular functions that are required for tumor metastasis are controlled by integrins...

    Authors: Karsta Luettich and Christian Schmidt
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2003 2:33
    Content type: Short communication Published on:

    The Retraction Note to this article has been published in Molecular Cancer 2004 3:1

  49. Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy characterized by low responsiveness to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This resistance is partly due to the overexpression of several tyrosine kinase receptors and ...

    Authors: Junsheng Li, Jörg Kleeff, Junchao Guo, Lars Fischer, Nathalia Giese, Markus W Büchler and Helmut Friess
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2003 2:32
    Content type: Research Published on:

  50. The hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) transcription complex, which is activated by low oxygen tension, controls a diverse range of cellular processes including angiogenesis and erythropoiesis. Under normoxic cond...

    Authors: Melanie J Percy, Sharon M Mooney, Mary Frances McMullin, Adrian Flores, Terence RJ Lappin and Frank S Lee
    Citation: Molecular Cancer 2003 2:31
    Content type: Research Published on:
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